cpp-interview/DataStructure/SqStack.cpp

/**
* @author huihut
* @E-mail:huihut@outlook.com
* @version 创建时间：2016年9月9日
* 说明：本程序实现了一个顺序栈。
* 功能：有初始化、销毁、判断空、清空、入栈、出栈、取元素的操作。
*/

#include "stdio.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "malloc.h"

//5个常量定义
#define TRUE 1
#define FALSE 0
#define OK 1
#define ERROR 0
#define OVERFLOW -1

//测试程序长度定义
#define LONGTH 5

//类型定义
typedef int Status;
typedef int ElemType; 

//顺序栈的类型
typedef struct {
    ElemType *elem;
    int top;
    int size;
    int increment;
} SqSrack;

//函数声明
Status InitStack_Sq(SqSrack &S, int size, int inc);  //初始化顺序栈
Status DestroyStack_Sq(SqSrack &S);                    //销毁顺序栈
Status StackEmpty_Sq(SqSrack S);                    //判断S是否空，若空则返回TRUE，否则返回FALSE
void ClearStack_Sq(SqSrack &S);                        //清空栈S
Status Push_Sq(SqSrack &S, ElemType e);                //元素e压入栈S
Status Pop_Sq(SqSrack &S, ElemType &e);                //栈S的栈顶元素出栈，并用e返回
Status GetTop_Sq(SqSrack S, ElemType &e);            //取栈S的栈顶元素，并用e返回

//初始化顺序栈
Status InitStack_Sq(SqSrack &S, int size, int inc) {
    S.elem = (ElemType *)malloc(size * sizeof(ElemType));
    if (NULL == S.elem) return OVERFLOW;
    S.top = 0;
    S.size = size;
    S.increment = inc;
    return OK;
}

//销毁顺序栈
Status DestroyStack_Sq(SqSrack &S) {
    free(S.elem);
    S.elem = NULL;
    return OK;
}

//判断S是否空，若空则返回TRUE，否则返回FALSE
Status StackEmpty_Sq(SqSrack S) {
    if (0 == S.top) return TRUE;
    return FALSE;
}

//清空栈S
void ClearStack_Sq(SqSrack &S) {
    if (0 == S.top) return;
    S.size = 0;
    S.top = 0;
}

//元素e压入栈S
Status Push_Sq(SqSrack &S, ElemType e) {
    ElemType *newbase;
    if (S.top >= S.size) {
        newbase = (ElemType *)realloc(S.elem, (S.size + S.increment) * sizeof(ElemType));
        if (NULL == newbase) return OVERFLOW;
        S.elem = newbase;
        S.size += S.increment;
    }
    S.elem[S.top++] = e;
    return OK;
}

//取栈S的栈顶元素，并用e返回
Status GetTop_Sq(SqSrack S, ElemType &e) {
    if (0 == S.top) return ERROR;
    e = S.elem[S.top - 1];
    return e;
}

//栈S的栈顶元素出栈，并用e返回
Status Pop_Sq(SqSrack &S, ElemType &e) {
    if (0 == S.top) return ERROR;
    e = S.elem[S.top - 1];
    S.top--;
    return e;
}

int main() {
    //定义栈S
    SqSrack S;
    
    //定义测量值
    int size, increment, i;

    //初始化测试值
    size = LONGTH;
    increment = LONGTH;
    ElemType e, eArray[LONGTH] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };

    //显示测试值
    printf("---【顺序栈】---\n");
    printf("栈S的size为：%d\n栈S的increment为：%d\n", size, increment);
    printf("待测试元素为：\n");
    for (i = 0; i < LONGTH; i++) {
        printf("%d\t", eArray[i]);
    }
    printf("\n");

    //初始化顺序栈
    if (!InitStack_Sq(S, size, increment)) {
        printf("初始化顺序栈失败\n");
        exit(0);
    }
    printf("已初始化顺序栈\n");

    //入栈
    for (i = 0; i < S.size; i++) {
        if (!Push_Sq(S, eArray[i])) {
            printf("%d入栈失败\n", eArray[i]);
            exit(0);
        }
    }
    printf("已入栈\n");

    //判断非空
    if(StackEmpty_Sq(S)) printf("S栈为空\n");
    else printf("S栈非空\n");

    //取栈S的栈顶元素    
    printf("栈S的栈顶元素为：\n");
    printf("%d\n", GetTop_Sq(S, e));    

    //栈S元素出栈
    printf("栈S元素出栈为：\n");
    for (i = 0, e = 0; i < S.size; i++) {
        printf("%d\t", Pop_Sq(S, e));
    }  
    printf("\n");

    //清空栈S
    ClearStack_Sq(S);
    printf("已清空栈S\n"); 
    
    return 0;                              
}