algorithm-in-python/dataStructure/bTree.py
2019-01-31 12:09:46 +08:00

225 lines
8.0 KiB
Python

''' mbinary
#########################################################################
# File : bTree.py
# Author: mbinary
# Mail: zhuheqin1@gmail.com
# Blog: https://mbinary.xyz
# Github: https://github.com/mbinary
# Created Time: 2018-08-29 12:49
# Description:
#########################################################################
'''
class node:
def __init__(self,keys=None,isLeaf = True,children=None):
if keys is None:keys=[]
if children is None: children =[]
self.keys = keys
self.isLeaf = isLeaf
self.children = []
def __getitem__(self,i):
return self.keys[i]
def __delitem__(self,i):
del self.keys[i]
def __setitem__(self,i,k):
self.keys[i] = k
def __len__(self):
return len(self.keys)
def __repr__(self):
return str(self.keys)
def __str__(self):
children = ','.join([str(nd.keys) for nd in self.children])
return f'keys: {self.keys}\nchildren: {children}\nisLeaf: {self.isLeaf}'
def getChd(self,i):
return self.children[i]
def delChd(self,i):
del self.children[i]
def setChd(self,i,chd):
self.children[i] = chd
def getChildren(self,begin=0,end=None):
if end is None:return self.children[begin:]
return self.children[begin:end]
def findKey(self,key):
for i,k in enumerate(self.keys):
if k>=key:
return i
return len(self)
def update(self,keys=None,isLeaf=None,children=None):
if keys is not None:self.keys = keys
if children is not None:self.children = children
if isLeaf is not None: self.isLeaf = isLeaf
def insert(self,i,key=None,nd=None):
if key is not None:self.keys.insert(i,key)
if not self.isLeaf and nd is not None: self.children.insert(i,nd)
def isLeafNode(self):return self.isLeaf
def split(self,prt,t):
# form new two nodes
k = self[t-1]
nd1 = node()
nd2 = node()
nd1.keys,nd2.keys = self[:t-1], self[t:] # note that t is 1 bigger than key index
nd1.isLeaf = nd2.isLeaf = self.isLeaf
if not self.isLeaf:
# note that children index is one bigger than key index, and all children included
nd1.children, nd2.children = self.children[0:t], self.children[t:]
# connect them to parent
idx = prt.findKey(k)
if prt.children !=[]: prt.children.remove(self) # remove the original node
prt.insert(idx,k,nd2)
prt.insert(idx,nd = nd1)
return prt
class bTree:
def __init__(self,degree=2):
self.root = node()
self.degree=degree
self.nodeNum = 1
self.keyNum = 0
def search(self,key,withpath=False):
nd = self.root
fathers = []
while True:
i = nd.findKey(key)
if i==len(nd): fathers.append((nd,i-1,i))
else: fathers.append((nd,i,i))
if i<len(nd) and nd[i]==key:
if withpath:return nd,i,fathers
else:return nd,i
if nd.isLeafNode():
if withpath:return None,None,None
else:return None,None
nd = nd.getChd(i)
def insert(self,key):
if len(self.root)== self.degree*2-1:
self.root = self.root.split(node(isLeaf=False),self.degree)
self.nodeNum +=2
nd = self.root
while True:
idx = nd.findKey(key)
if idx<len(nd) and nd[idx] == key:return
if nd.isLeafNode():
nd.insert(idx,key)
self.keyNum+=1
return
else:
chd = nd.getChd(idx)
if len(chd)== self.degree*2-1: #ensure its keys won't excess when its chd split and u
nd = chd.split(nd,self.degree)
self.nodeNum +=1
else:
nd = chd
def delete(self,key):#to do
'''search the key, delete it , and form down to up to rebalance it '''
nd,idx ,fathers= self.search(key,withpath=True)
if nd is None : return
del nd[idx]
self.keyNum-=1
if not nd.isLeafNode():
chd = nd.getChd(idx) # find the predecessor key
while not chd.isLeafNode():
fathers.append((chd,len(chd)-1,len(chd)))
chd = chd.getChd(-1)
fathers.append((chd,len(chd)-1,len(chd)))
nd.insert(idx,chd[-1])
del chd[-1]
if len(fathers)>1:self.rebalance(fathers)
def rebalance(self,fathers):
nd,keyIdx,chdIdx = fathers.pop()
while len(nd)<self.degree-1: # rebalance tree from down to up
prt,keyIdx,chdIdx = fathers[-1]
lbro = [] if chdIdx==0 else prt.getChd(chdIdx-1)
rbro = [] if chdIdx==len(prt) else prt.getChd(chdIdx+1)
if len(lbro)<self.degree and len(rbro)<self.degree: # merge two deficient nodes
beforeNode,afterNode = None,None
if lbro ==[]:
keyIdx = chdIdx
beforeNode,afterNode = nd,rbro
else:
beforeNode,afterNode = lbro,nd
keyIdx = chdIdx-1 # important, when choosing
keys = beforeNode[:]+[prt[keyIdx]]+afterNode[:]
children = beforeNode.getChildren() + afterNode.getChildren()
isLeaf = beforeNode.isLeafNode()
prt.delChd(keyIdx+1)
del prt[keyIdx]
nd.update(keys,isLeaf,children)
prt.children[keyIdx]=nd
self.nodeNum -=1
elif len(lbro)>=self.degree: # rotate when only one sibling is deficient
keyIdx = chdIdx-1
nd.insert(0,prt[keyIdx]) # rotate keys
prt[keyIdx] = lbro[-1]
del lbro[-1]
if not nd.isLeafNode(): # if not leaf, move children
nd.insert(0,nd=lbro.getChd(-1))
lbro.delChd(-1)
else:
keyIdx = chdIdx
nd.insert(len(nd),prt[keyIdx]) # rotate keys
prt[keyIdx] = rbro[0]
del rbro[0]
if not nd.isLeafNode(): # if not leaf, move children
#note that insert(-1,ele) will make the ele be the last second one
nd.insert(len(nd),nd=rbro.getChd(0))
rbro.delChd(0)
if len(fathers)==1:
if len(self.root)==0:
self.root = nd
self.nodeNum -=1
break
nd,i,j = fathers.pop()
def __str__(self):
head= '\n'+'-'*30+'B Tree'+'-'*30
tail= '-'*30+'the end'+'-'*30+'\n'
lst = [[head],[f'node num: {self.nodeNum}, key num: {self.keyNum}']]
cur = []
ndNum =0
ndTotal= 1
que = [self.root]
while que!=[]:
nd = que.pop(0)
cur.append(repr(nd))
ndNum+=1
que+=nd.getChildren()
if ndNum==ndTotal:
lst.append(cur)
cur = []
ndNum = 0
ndTotal =len(que)
lst.append([tail])
lst = [','.join(li) for li in lst]
return '\n'.join(lst)
def __iter__(self,nd = None):
if nd is None: nd = self.root
que = [nd]
while que !=[]:
nd = que.pop(0)
yield nd
if nd.isLeafNode():continue
for i in range(len(nd)+1):
que.append(nd.getChd(i))
if __name__ =='__main__':
bt = bTree()
from random import shuffle,sample
n = 20
lst = [i for i in range(n)]
shuffle(lst)
test= sample(lst,len(lst)//4)
print(f'building b-tree with {lst}')
for i in lst:
bt.insert(i)
#print(f'inserting {i})
#print(bt)
print(bt)
print(f'serching {test}')
for i in test:
nd,idx = bt.search(i)
print(f'node: {repr(nd)}[{idx}]== {i}')
for i in test:
print(f'deleting {i}')
bt.delete(i)
print(bt)