CS-Notes/notes/13. 机器人的运动范围.md
2020-11-17 00:32:18 +08:00

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# 13. 机器人的运动范围
[NowCoder](https://www.nowcoder.com/practice/6e5207314b5241fb83f2329e89fdecc8?tpId=13&tqId=11219&tPage=1&rp=1&ru=/ta/coding-interviews&qru=/ta/coding-interviews/question-ranking&from=cyc_github)
## 题目描述
地上有一个 m 行和 n 列的方格一个机器人从坐标 (0, 0) 的格子开始移动每一次只能向左右上下四个方向移动一格但是不能进入行坐标和列坐标的数位之和大于 k 的格子
例如 k 18 机器人能够进入方格 (35,37)因为 3+5+3+7=18但是它不能进入方格 (35,38)因为 3+5+3+8=19请问该机器人能够达到多少个格子
## 解题思路
使用深度优先搜索Depth First SearchDFS方法进行求解回溯是深度优先搜索的一种特例它在一次搜索过程中需要设置一些本次搜索过程的局部状态并在本次搜索结束之后清除状态而普通的深度优先搜索并不需要使用这些局部状态虽然还是有可能设置一些全局状态
```java
private static final int[][] next = {{0, -1}, {0, 1}, {-1, 0}, {1, 0}};
private int cnt = 0;
private int rows;
private int cols;
private int threshold;
private int[][] digitSum;
public int movingCount(int threshold, int rows, int cols) {
this.rows = rows;
this.cols = cols;
this.threshold = threshold;
initDigitSum();
boolean[][] marked = new boolean[rows][cols];
dfs(marked, 0, 0);
return cnt;
}
private void dfs(boolean[][] marked, int r, int c) {
if (r < 0 || r >= rows || c < 0 || c >= cols || marked[r][c])
return;
marked[r][c] = true;
if (this.digitSum[r][c] > this.threshold)
return;
cnt++;
for (int[] n : next)
dfs(marked, r + n[0], c + n[1]);
}
private void initDigitSum() {
int[] digitSumOne = new int[Math.max(rows, cols)];
for (int i = 0; i < digitSumOne.length; i++) {
int n = i;
while (n > 0) {
digitSumOne[i] += n % 10;
n /= 10;
}
}
this.digitSum = new int[rows][cols];
for (int i = 0; i < this.rows; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < this.cols; j++)
this.digitSum[i][j] = digitSumOne[i] + digitSumOne[j];
}
```