CS-Notes/docs/notes/59. 滑动窗口的最大值.md
2020-11-04 02:13:28 +08:00

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# 59. 滑动窗口的最大值
## 题目链接
[牛客网](https://www.nowcoder.com/practice/1624bc35a45c42c0bc17d17fa0cba788?tpId=13&tqId=11217&tPage=1&rp=1&ru=/ta/coding-interviews&qru=/ta/coding-interviews/question-ranking&from=cyc_github)
## 题目描述
给定一个数组和滑动窗口的大小找出所有滑动窗口里数值的最大值
例如如果输入数组 {2, 3, 4, 2, 6, 2, 5, 1} 及滑动窗口的大小 3那么一共存在 6 个滑动窗口他们的最大值分别为 {4, 4, 6, 6, 6, 5}
<div align="center"> <img src="https://cs-notes-1256109796.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/image-20201104020702453.png" width="500px"> </div><br>
## 解题思路
维护一个大小为窗口大小的大顶堆顶堆元素则为当前窗口的最大值
假设窗口的大小为 M数组的长度为 N在窗口向右移动时需要先在堆中删除离开窗口的元素并将新到达的元素添加到堆中这两个操作的时间复杂度都为 log<sub>2</sub>M因此算法的时间复杂度为 O(Nlog<sub>2</sub>M)空间复杂度为 O(M)
```java
public ArrayList<Integer> maxInWindows(int[] num, int size) {
ArrayList<Integer> ret = new ArrayList<>();
if (size > num.length || size < 1)
return ret;
PriorityQueue<Integer> heap = new PriorityQueue<>((o1, o2) -> o2 - o1); /* 大顶堆 */
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
heap.add(num[i]);
ret.add(heap.peek());
for (int i = 0, j = i + size; j < num.length; i++, j++) { /* 维护一个大小为 size 的大顶堆 */
heap.remove(num[i]);
heap.add(num[j]);
ret.add(heap.peek());
}
return ret;
}
```
<div align="center"><img width="320px" src="https://cs-notes-1256109796.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/githubio/公众号二维码-2.png"></img></div>