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Merge pull request #667 from tonyruscoe/gh-pages
Update format for numbered sections and whitespace
This commit is contained in:
Tony Ruscoe
GitHub
commit
4f848da9f3
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@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
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<body onload="initStyleGuide();">
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<div id="content">
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<h1>Google HTML/CSS Style Guide</h1>
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<h2 id="Background">1 Background</h2>
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<h2 id="Background" class="numbered">Background</h2>
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|
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<p>This document defines formatting and style rules for HTML and CSS. It aims at
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improving collaboration, code quality, and enabling supporting infrastructure.
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|
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@ -19,17 +19,16 @@ It applies to raw, working files that use HTML and CSS, including GSS files.
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Tools are free to obfuscate, minify, and compile as long as the general code
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quality is maintained.</p>
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|
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<h2 id="General">2 General</h2>
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<h2 id="General" class="numbered">General</h2>
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<h3 id="General_Style_Rules">2.1 General Style Rules</h3>
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<h3 id="General_Style_Rules" class="numbered">General Style Rules</h3>
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<h4 id="Protocol">2.1.1 Protocol</h4>
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<h4 id="Protocol" class="numbered">Protocol</h4>
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<p>Use HTTPS for embedded resources where possible.</p>
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|
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<p>Always use HTTPS (<code>https:</code>) for images and other media
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files, style sheets, and scripts, unless the respective files are not available
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over HTTPS.</p>
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<p>Always use HTTPS (<code>https:</code>) for images and other media files, style sheets, and
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scripts, unless the respective files are not available over HTTPS.</p>
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<pre><code class="language-html bad"><!-- Not recommended: omits the protocol -->
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<script src="//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.4.0/jquery.min.js"></script>
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|
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@ -53,9 +52,9 @@ over HTTPS.</p>
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@import 'https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans';
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</code></pre>
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<h3 id="General_Formatting_Rules">2.2 General Formatting Rules</h3>
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<h3 id="General_Formatting_Rules" class="numbered">General Formatting Rules</h3>
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<h4 id="Indentation">2.2.1 Indentation</h4>
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<h4 id="Indentation" class="numbered">Indentation</h4>
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<p>Indent by 2 spaces at a time.</p>
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@ -72,7 +71,7 @@ over HTTPS.</p>
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}
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</code></pre>
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<h4 id="Capitalization">2.2.2 Capitalization</h4>
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<h4 id="Capitalization" class="numbered">Capitalization</h4>
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<p>Use only lowercase.</p>
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@ -96,7 +95,7 @@ color: #E5E5E5;
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color: #e5e5e5;
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</code></pre>
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<h4 id="Trailing_Whitespace">2.2.3 Trailing Whitespace</h4>
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<h4 id="Trailing_Whitespace" class="numbered">Trailing Whitespace</h4>
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<p>Remove trailing white spaces.</p>
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|
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@ -110,9 +109,9 @@ color: #e5e5e5;
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<p>Yes please.
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</code></pre>
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<h3 id="General_Meta_Rules">2.3 General Meta Rules</h3>
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<h3 id="General_Meta_Rules" class="numbered">General Meta Rules</h3>
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|
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<h4 id="Encoding">2.3.1 Encoding</h4>
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<h4 id="Encoding" class="numbered">Encoding</h4>
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|
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<p>Use UTF-8 (no BOM).</p>
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|
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@ -123,10 +122,10 @@ mark.</p>
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charset="utf-8"></code>. Do not specify the encoding of style sheets as these assume
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UTF-8.</p>
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<p>(More on encodings and when and how to specify them can be found in <a href="https://www.w3.org/International/tutorials/tutorial-char-enc/">Handling
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character encodings in HTML and CSS</a>.)</p>
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<p>(More on encodings and when and how to specify them can be found in
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<a href="https://www.w3.org/International/tutorials/tutorial-char-enc/">Handling character encodings in HTML and CSS</a>.)</p>
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<h4 id="Comments">2.3.2 Comments</h4>
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<h4 id="Comments" class="numbered">Comments</h4>
|
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|
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<p>Explain code as needed, where possible.</p>
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|
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|
|
@ -137,7 +136,7 @@ why is respective solution used or preferred?</p>
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demand fully documented code. Mileage may vary heavily for HTML and CSS code and
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depends on the project’s complexity.)</p>
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<h4 id="Action_Items">2.3.3 Action Items</h4>
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<h4 id="Action_Items" class="numbered">Action Items</h4>
|
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|
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<p>Mark todos and action items with <code>TODO</code>.</p>
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|
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|
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@ -160,11 +159,11 @@ depends on the project’s complexity.)</p>
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</ul>
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</code></pre>
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<h2 id="HTML">3 HTML</h2>
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<h2 id="HTML" class="numbered">HTML</h2>
|
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|
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<h3 id="HTML_Style_Rules">3.1 HTML Style Rules</h3>
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<h3 id="HTML_Style_Rules" class="numbered">HTML Style Rules</h3>
|
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|
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<h4 id="Document_Type">3.1.1 Document Type</h4>
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<h4 id="Document_Type" class="numbered">Document Type</h4>
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|
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<p>Use HTML5.</p>
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|
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|
|
@ -174,21 +173,19 @@ depends on the project’s complexity.)</p>
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<a href="https://hixie.ch/advocacy/xhtml"><code>application/xhtml+xml</code></a>, lacks both browser
|
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and infrastructure support and offers less room for optimization than HTML.)</p>
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|
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<p>Although fine with HTML, do not close void elements, i.e. write <code><br></code>, not
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<code><br /></code>.</p>
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<p>Although fine with HTML, do not close void elements, i.e. write <code><br></code>, not <code><br
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/></code>.</p>
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|
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<h4 id="HTML_Validity">3.1.2 HTML Validity</h4>
|
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<h4 id="HTML_Validity" class="numbered">HTML Validity</h4>
|
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|
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<p>Use valid HTML where possible.</p>
|
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|
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<p>Use valid HTML code unless that is not possible due to otherwise unattainable
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performance goals regarding file size.</p>
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|
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<p>
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|
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Use tools such as the <a href="https://validator.w3.org/nu/">W3C HTML validator</a>
|
||||
to test.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p> Use tools such as the
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<a href="https://validator.w3.org/nu/">W3C HTML validator</a>
|
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to test.</p>
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|
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<p>Using valid HTML is a measurable baseline quality attribute that contributes to
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learning about technical requirements and constraints, and that ensures proper
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|
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@ -206,7 +203,7 @@ HTML usage.</p>
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<article>This is only a test.</article>
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</code></pre>
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<h4 id="Semantics">3.1.3 Semantics</h4>
|
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<h4 id="Semantics" class="numbered">Semantics</h4>
|
||||
|
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<p>Use HTML according to its purpose.</p>
|
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|
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|
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@ -225,7 +222,7 @@ code efficiency reasons.</p>
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<a href="recommendations/">All recommendations</a>
|
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</code></pre>
|
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|
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<h4 id="Multimedia_Fallback">3.1.4 Multimedia Fallback</h4>
|
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<h4 id="Multimedia_Fallback" class="numbered">Multimedia Fallback</h4>
|
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|
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<p>Provide alternative contents for multimedia.</p>
|
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|
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|
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@ -249,7 +246,7 @@ no alternative text, as in <code>alt=""</code>.)</p>
|
|||
<img src="spreadsheet.png" alt="Spreadsheet screenshot.">
|
||||
</code></pre>
|
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|
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<h4 id="Separation_of_Concerns">3.1.5 Separation of Concerns</h4>
|
||||
<h4 id="Separation_of_Concerns" class="numbered">Separation of Concerns</h4>
|
||||
|
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<p>Separate structure from presentation from behavior.</p>
|
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|
||||
|
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@ -292,13 +289,13 @@ templates than it is to update style sheets and scripts.</p>
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<p>It’s awesome!
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||||
</code></pre>
|
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|
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<h4 id="Entity_References">3.1.6 Entity References</h4>
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<h4 id="Entity_References" class="numbered">Entity References</h4>
|
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|
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<p>Do not use entity references.</p>
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|
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<p>There is no need to use entity references like <code>&mdash;</code>, <code>&rdquo;</code>, or
|
||||
<code>&#x263a;</code>, assuming the same encoding (UTF-8) is used for files and editors
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as well as among teams.</p>
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||||
<code>&#x263a;</code>, assuming the same encoding (UTF-8) is used for files and editors as
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well as among teams.</p>
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|
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<p>The only exceptions apply to characters with special meaning in HTML (like <code><</code>
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and <code>&</code>) as well as control or “invisible” characters (like no-break spaces).</p>
|
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|
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@ -311,12 +308,13 @@ The currency symbol for the Euro is &ldquo;&eur;&rdquo;.
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|||
The currency symbol for the Euro is “€”.
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||||
</code></pre>
|
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|
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<h4 id="Optional_Tags">3.1.7 Optional Tags</h4>
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<h4 id="Optional_Tags" class="numbered">Optional Tags</h4>
|
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|
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<p>Omit optional tags (optional).</p>
|
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|
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<p>For file size optimization and scannability purposes, consider omitting optional
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tags. The <a href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/syntax.html#syntax-tag-omission">HTML5 specification</a>
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tags. The
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<a href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/syntax.html#syntax-tag-omission">HTML5 specification</a>
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defines what tags can be omitted.</p>
|
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|
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<p>(This approach may require a grace period to be established as a wider guideline
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|
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@ -342,7 +340,7 @@ tags, not just a selection.)</p>
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<p>Qed.
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</code></pre>
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|
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<h4 id="type_Attributes">3.1.8 <code>type</code> Attributes</h4>
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<h4 id="type_Attributes" class="numbered"><code>type</code> Attributes</h4>
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|
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<p>Omit <code>type</code> attributes for style sheets and scripts.</p>
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|
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|
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@ -351,7 +349,8 @@ tags, not just a selection.)</p>
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|||
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<p>Specifying <code>type</code> attributes in these contexts is not necessary as HTML5 implies
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<a href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/obsolete.html#attr-style-type"><code>text/css</code></a>
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and <a href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/scripting.html#attr-script-type"><code>text/javascript</code></a>
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and
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<a href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/scripting.html#attr-script-type"><code>text/javascript</code></a>
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as defaults. This can be safely done even for older browsers.</p>
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<pre><code class="language-html bad"><!-- Not recommended -->
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|
|
@ -372,9 +371,9 @@ as defaults. This can be safely done even for older browsers.</p>
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|||
<script src="https://www.google.com/js/gweb/analytics/autotrack.js"></script>
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</code></pre>
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|
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<h3 id="HTML_Formatting_Rules">3.2 HTML Formatting Rules</h3>
|
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<h3 id="HTML_Formatting_Rules" class="numbered">HTML Formatting Rules</h3>
|
||||
|
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<h4 id="General_Formatting">3.2.1 General Formatting</h4>
|
||||
<h4 id="General_Formatting" class="numbered">General Formatting</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Use a new line for every block, list, or table element, and indent every such
|
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child element.</p>
|
||||
|
|
@ -413,7 +412,7 @@ instead of an error.)</p>
|
|||
</table>
|
||||
</code></pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<h4 id="HTML_Line-Wrapping">3.2.2 HTML Line-Wrapping</h4>
|
||||
<h4 id="HTML_Line-Wrapping" class="numbered">HTML Line-Wrapping</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Break long lines (optional).</p>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -443,7 +442,7 @@ additional spaces from the original line.</p>
|
|||
</md-progress-circular>
|
||||
</code></pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<h4 id="HTML_Quotation_Marks">3.2.3 HTML Quotation Marks</h4>
|
||||
<h4 id="HTML_Quotation_Marks" class="numbered">HTML Quotation Marks</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>When quoting attributes values, use double quotation marks.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -458,28 +457,26 @@ values.</p>
|
|||
<a class="maia-button maia-button-secondary">Sign in</a>
|
||||
</code></pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<h2 id="CSS">4 CSS</h2>
|
||||
<h2 id="CSS" class="numbered">CSS</h2>
|
||||
|
||||
<h3 id="CSS_Style_Rules">4.1 CSS Style Rules</h3>
|
||||
<h3 id="CSS_Style_Rules" class="numbered">CSS Style Rules</h3>
|
||||
|
||||
<h4 id="CSS_Validity">4.1.1 CSS Validity</h4>
|
||||
<h4 id="CSS_Validity" class="numbered">CSS Validity</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Use valid CSS where possible.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Unless dealing with CSS validator bugs or requiring proprietary syntax, use
|
||||
valid CSS code.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
|
||||
Use tools such as the <a href="https://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/">W3C CSS validator</a>
|
||||
to test.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p> Use tools such as the
|
||||
<a href="https://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/">W3C CSS validator</a>
|
||||
to test.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Using valid CSS is a measurable baseline quality attribute that allows to spot
|
||||
CSS code that may not have any effect and can be removed, and that ensures
|
||||
proper CSS usage.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<h4 id="ID_and_Class_Naming">4.1.2 ID and Class Naming</h4>
|
||||
<h4 id="ID_and_Class_Naming" class="numbered">ID and Class Naming</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Use meaningful or generic ID and class names.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -513,7 +510,7 @@ document or template changes.</p>
|
|||
.alt {}
|
||||
</code></pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<h4 id="ID_and_Class_Name_Style">4.1.3 ID and Class Name Style</h4>
|
||||
<h4 id="ID_and_Class_Name_Style" class="numbered">ID and Class Name Style</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Use ID and class names that are as short as possible but as long as necessary.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -532,14 +529,15 @@ understandability and code efficiency.</p>
|
|||
.author {}
|
||||
</code></pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<h4 id="Type_Selectors">4.1.4 Type Selectors</h4>
|
||||
<h4 id="Type_Selectors" class="numbered">Type Selectors</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Avoid qualifying ID and class names with type selectors.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Unless necessary (for example with helper classes), do not use element names in
|
||||
conjunction with IDs or classes.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Avoiding unnecessary ancestor selectors is useful for <a href="http://www.stevesouders.com/blog/2009/06/18/simplifying-css-selectors/">performance reasons</a>.</p>
|
||||
<p>Avoiding unnecessary ancestor selectors is useful for
|
||||
<a href="http://www.stevesouders.com/blog/2009/06/18/simplifying-css-selectors/">performance reasons</a>.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<pre><code class="language-css bad">/* Not recommended */
|
||||
ul#example {}
|
||||
|
|
@ -551,11 +549,12 @@ div.error {}
|
|||
.error {}
|
||||
</code></pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<h4 id="Shorthand_Properties">4.1.5 Shorthand Properties</h4>
|
||||
<h4 id="Shorthand_Properties" class="numbered">Shorthand Properties</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Use shorthand properties where possible.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>CSS offers a variety of <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/about.html#shorthand">shorthand</a>
|
||||
<p>CSS offers a variety of
|
||||
<a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/about.html#shorthand">shorthand</a>
|
||||
properties (like <code>font</code>) that should be used whenever possible, even in cases
|
||||
where only one value is explicitly set.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -578,7 +577,7 @@ font: 100%/1.6 palatino, georgia, serif;
|
|||
padding: 0 1em 2em;
|
||||
</code></pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<h4 id="0_and_Units">4.1.6 0 and Units</h4>
|
||||
<h4 id="0_and_Units" class="numbered">0 and Units</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Omit unit specification after “0” values, unless required.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -590,7 +589,7 @@ margin: 0;
|
|||
padding: 0;
|
||||
</code></pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<h4 id="Leading_0s">4.1.7 Leading 0s</h4>
|
||||
<h4 id="Leading_0s" class="numbered">Leading 0s</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Omit leading “0”s in values.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -599,7 +598,7 @@ padding: 0;
|
|||
<pre><code class="language-css good">font-size: .8em;
|
||||
</code></pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<h4 id="Hexadecimal_Notation">4.1.8 Hexadecimal Notation</h4>
|
||||
<h4 id="Hexadecimal_Notation" class="numbered">Hexadecimal Notation</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Use 3 character hexadecimal notation where possible.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -614,7 +613,7 @@ color: #eebbcc;
|
|||
color: #ebc;
|
||||
</code></pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<h4 id="Prefixes">4.1.9 Prefixes</h4>
|
||||
<h4 id="Prefixes" class="numbered">Prefixes</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Prefix selectors with an application-specific prefix (optional).</p>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -629,7 +628,7 @@ easier, for example in search and replace operations.</p>
|
|||
#maia-note {} /* Maia */
|
||||
</code></pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<h4 id="ID_and_Class_Name_Delimiters">4.1.10 ID and Class Name Delimiters</h4>
|
||||
<h4 id="ID_and_Class_Name_Delimiters" class="numbered">ID and Class Name Delimiters</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Separate words in ID and class names by a hyphen.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -649,7 +648,7 @@ and scannability.</p>
|
|||
.ads-sample {}
|
||||
</code></pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<h4 id="Hacks">4.1.11 Hacks</h4>
|
||||
<h4 id="Hacks" class="numbered">Hacks</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Avoid user agent detection as well as CSS “hacks”—try a different approach
|
||||
first.</p>
|
||||
|
|
@ -663,9 +662,9 @@ resistance. That is, allowing and making it easy to use detection and hacks
|
|||
means using detection and hacks more frequently—and more frequently is too
|
||||
frequently.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<h3 id="CSS_Formatting_Rules">4.2 CSS Formatting Rules</h3>
|
||||
<h3 id="CSS_Formatting_Rules" class="numbered">CSS Formatting Rules</h3>
|
||||
|
||||
<h4 id="Declaration_Order">4.2.1 Declaration Order</h4>
|
||||
<h4 id="Declaration_Order" class="numbered">Declaration Order</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Alphabetize declarations.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -686,11 +685,12 @@ text-align: center;
|
|||
text-indent: 2em;
|
||||
</code></pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<h4 id="Block_Content_Indentation">4.2.2 Block Content Indentation</h4>
|
||||
<h4 id="Block_Content_Indentation" class="numbered">Block Content Indentation</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Indent all block content.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Indent all <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/syndata.html#block">block content</a>,
|
||||
<p>Indent all
|
||||
<a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/syndata.html#block">block content</a>,
|
||||
that is rules within rules as well as declarations, so to reflect hierarchy and
|
||||
improve understanding.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -704,7 +704,7 @@ improve understanding.</p>
|
|||
}
|
||||
</code></pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<h4 id="Declaration_Stops">4.2.3 Declaration Stops</h4>
|
||||
<h4 id="Declaration_Stops" class="numbered">Declaration Stops</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Use a semicolon after every declaration.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -725,7 +725,7 @@ reasons.</p>
|
|||
}
|
||||
</code></pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<h4 id="Property_Name_Stops">4.2.4 Property Name Stops</h4>
|
||||
<h4 id="Property_Name_Stops" class="numbered">Property Name Stops</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Use a space after a property name’s colon.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -744,12 +744,13 @@ h3 {
|
|||
}
|
||||
</code></pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<h4 id="Declaration_Block_Separation">4.2.5 Declaration Block Separation</h4>
|
||||
<h4 id="Declaration_Block_Separation" class="numbered">Declaration Block Separation</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Use a space between the last selector and the declaration block.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Always use a single space between the last selector and the opening brace that
|
||||
begins the <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/syndata.html#rule-sets">declaration block</a>.</p>
|
||||
begins the
|
||||
<a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/syndata.html#rule-sets">declaration block</a>.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>The opening brace should be on the same line as the last selector in a given
|
||||
rule.</p>
|
||||
|
|
@ -772,7 +773,7 @@ rule.</p>
|
|||
}
|
||||
</code></pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<h4 id="Selector_and_Declaration_Separation">4.2.6 Selector and Declaration Separation</h4>
|
||||
<h4 id="Selector_and_Declaration_Separation" class="numbered">Selector and Declaration Separation</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Separate selectors and declarations by new lines.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -793,7 +794,7 @@ h3 {
|
|||
}
|
||||
</code></pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<h4 id="Rule_Separation">4.2.7 Rule Separation</h4>
|
||||
<h4 id="Rule_Separation" class="numbered">Rule Separation</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Separate rules by new lines.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -809,7 +810,7 @@ body {
|
|||
}
|
||||
</code></pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<h4 id="CSS_Quotation_Marks">4.2.8 CSS Quotation Marks</h4>
|
||||
<h4 id="CSS_Quotation_Marks" class="numbered">CSS Quotation Marks</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Use single (<code>''</code>) rather than double (<code>""</code>) quotation marks for attribute
|
||||
selectors and property values.</p>
|
||||
|
|
@ -835,9 +836,9 @@ html {
|
|||
}
|
||||
</code></pre>
|
||||
|
||||
<h3 id="CSS_Meta_Rules">4.3 CSS Meta Rules</h3>
|
||||
<h3 id="CSS_Meta_Rules" class="numbered">CSS Meta Rules</h3>
|
||||
|
||||
<h4 id="Section_Comments">4.3.1 Section Comments</h4>
|
||||
<h4 id="Section_Comments" class="numbered">Section Comments</h4>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Group sections by a section comment (optional).</p>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -570,3 +570,32 @@ li.toc_entry a {
|
|||
.toc td.two_columns {
|
||||
border-width: 0px;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* Numbered sections */
|
||||
|
||||
h1 {
|
||||
counter-reset: h2;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
h2.numbered {
|
||||
counter-reset: h3;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
h3.numbered {
|
||||
counter-reset: h4;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
h2.numbered::before {
|
||||
content: counter(h2) ' ';
|
||||
counter-increment: h2;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
h3.numbered::before {
|
||||
content: counter(h2) '.' counter(h3) ' ';
|
||||
counter-increment: h3;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
h4.numbered::before {
|
||||
content: counter(h2) '.' counter(h3) '.' counter(h4) ' ';
|
||||
counter-increment: h4;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user