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+#FAMOUS DP PROBLEM WITH EXPLANATION FOR BEGGINNERS
+A. Boredom
+time limit per test1 second
+memory limit per test256 megabytes
+inputstandard input
+outputstandard output
+Alex doesn't like boredom. That's why whenever he gets bored, he comes up with games. One long winter evening he came up with a game and decided to play it.
+
+Given a sequence a consisting of n integers. The player can make several steps. In a single step he can choose an element of the sequence (let's denote it ak) and delete it, at that all elements equal to ak + 1 and ak - 1 also must be deleted from the sequence. That step brings ak points to the player.
+Alex is a perfectionist, so he decided to get as many points as possible. Help him.
+Input
+The first line contains integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 105) that shows how many numbers are in Alex's sequence.
+
+The second line contains n integers a1, a2, ..., an (1 ≤ ai ≤ 105).
+
+Output
+Print a single integer — the maximum number of points that Alex can earn.
+
+Examples
+inputCopy
+2
+1 2
+outputCopy
+2
+inputCopy
+3
+1 2 3
+outputCopy
+4
+inputCopy
+9
+1 2 1 3 2 2 2 2 3
+outputCopy
+10
+Note
+Consider the third test example. At first step we need to choose any element equal to 2. After that step our sequence looks like this [2, 2, 2, 2]. Then we do 4 steps, on each step we choose any element equals to 2. In total we earn 10 points.
+
+SOLUTION :-
+
+#include<bits/stdc++.h>
+using namespace std;
+ 
+int main()
+{
+    int n,x;
+    cin>>n;
+    long long int a[100005]={0};
+    long long int dp[100005]={0};
+ 
+    for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
+    {
+    	cin>>x;
+        a[x]++;// cREATING A FREQUENCY ARRAY USING ITS INDEX AS NUMBERS
+    }
+    dp[0]=0; //if INPUT ARRAY ONLY HAS 0
+    dp[1]=a[1];//if input ARRAY ONLY HAS 0 AND 1'S
+    for(int i=2;i<=100000;i++)
+    {
+        dp[i]=max(dp[i-1],dp[i-2]+(i*a[i]));//IF NOT TAKING ELMENT  THEN TAKE THE PREVIOUS ONE 
+        //ELSE TAKE THE PREVIOUS TO PREVIOUS AND ADD THE FREQ OF PRESENT ELEMENT
+    }
+   /* for(int i=0;i<=1000;i++)
+    {
+        cout<<dp[i]<<" ";
+    }
+    cout<<endl;*/
+    cout<< dp[100000]<<endl;
+}