cpp-interview/Problems/KnapsackProblem/pack.cpp
2018-02-11 01:08:43 +08:00

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#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
int *w = NULL; // 存储每件物品重量的数组指针
int *v = NULL; // 存储每件物品价值的数组指针
int **T = NULL; // 存储背包问题表格的数组指针
int n; // 物品个数n
int W; // 背包总承重W
// 返回两个值的最大值
int max(int a, int b)
{
return (a > b) ? a : b;
}
// 迭代法,能显示背包问题的表格
void packIterative()
{
// 循环遍历n行
for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
{
// 循环遍历W列
for (int j = 1; j <= W; ++j)
{
//第i个物品能装下则比较包括第i个物品和不包括第i个物品取其最大值
if (w[i] <= j)
T[i][j] = max(v[i] + T[i - 1][j - w[i]], T[i - 1][j]);
// 第i个物品不能装下则递归装i-1个
else
T[i][j] = T[i - 1][j];
}
}
}
// 递归法,不支持显示背包问题的表格
int packRecursive(int i, int j, int *w, int *v)
{
// 结束条件初始条件i或者j为0时最大总价值为0
if (i == 0 || j == 0)
return 0;
// 第i个物品不能装下则递归装i-1个
if (w[i] > j)
return packRecursive(i - 1, j, w, v);
//第i个物品能装下则比较包括第i个物品和不包括第i个物品取其最大值
else
return max(v[i] + packRecursive(i - 1, j - w[i], w, v), packRecursive(i - 1, j, w, v));
}
// 打印背包问题的表格
void printT(int n, int W)
{
// 打印n行
for (auto i = 0; i <= n; i++)
{
// 打印行数
cout << i << ":\t";
// 打印W列
for (int w = 0; w <= W; w++)
{
cout << T[i][w] << "\t";
}
// 换行
cout << endl;
}
}
int main()
{
cout << "---------------- 背包问题 ----------------" << endl;
cout << "请输入物品数 n (n>=0) " << endl;
// 输入背包数
cin >> n;
if (cin.fail() || n < 0)
{
cout << "输入n错误" << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
cout << "请输入背包承重量 W (W>=0) " << endl;
// 输入背包承重量
cin >> W;
if (cin.fail() || W < 0)
{
cout << "输入W错误" << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
// 分配空间
// 对w和v分配n+1大小
w = new int[n+1];
v = new int[n+1];
// 对T分配n+1行并初始化为0
T = new int *[n + 1]();
// 对T分配W+1列并初始化为0
for (auto i = 0; i <= n; i++)
{
T[i] = new int[W + 1]();
}
// 输入背包的重量和价值
for (auto i = 1; i <= n; i++)
{
cout << "请输入第 " << i << " 个背包的重量和价值(用空格隔开)" << endl;
cin >> w[i] >> v[i];
if (cin.fail() || w[i] < 0 || v[i] < 0)
{
cout << "输入错误!" << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
}
cout << "------------------------------------------------" << endl;
cout << "请选择算法:" << endl;
cout << "【1】迭代法" << endl;
cout << "【2】递归法" << endl;
cout << "------------------------------------------------" << endl;
int choose;
// 输入算法的选择
cin >> choose;
switch (choose)
{
case 1:
{
// 迭代法,能显示背包问题的表格
packIterative();
cout << "能装下物品的最大价值为 " << T[n][W] << endl;
cout << "------------------------------------------------" << endl;
printT(n, W);
break;
}
case 2:
{
// 递归法,不支持显示背包问题的表格
cout << "能装下物品的最大价值为 " << packRecursive(n, W, w, v) << endl;
break;
}
default:
{
cout << "输入错误!" << endl;
break;
}
}
cout << "------------------------------------------------" << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}