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CyC2018 2018-04-23 14:10:48 +08:00
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@ -3371,6 +3371,7 @@ class MyQueue {
```java ```java
class MyQueue { class MyQueue {
private Stack<Integer> in = new Stack(); private Stack<Integer> in = new Stack();
private Stack<Integer> out = new Stack(); private Stack<Integer> out = new Stack();
@ -3524,8 +3525,8 @@ public int[] dailyTemperatures(int[] temperatures) {
int n = temperatures.length; int n = temperatures.length;
int[] ret = new int[n]; int[] ret = new int[n];
Stack<Integer> stack = new Stack<>(); Stack<Integer> stack = new Stack<>();
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) { for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
while(!stack.isEmpty() && temperatures[i] > temperatures[stack.peek()]) { while (!stack.isEmpty() && temperatures[i] > temperatures[stack.peek()]) {
int idx = stack.pop(); int idx = stack.pop();
ret[idx] = i - idx; ret[idx] = i - idx;
} }
@ -3548,15 +3549,15 @@ Output: [-1,3,-1]
public int[] nextGreaterElement(int[] nums1, int[] nums2) { public int[] nextGreaterElement(int[] nums1, int[] nums2) {
Map<Integer, Integer> map = new HashMap<>(); Map<Integer, Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
Stack<Integer> stack = new Stack<>(); Stack<Integer> stack = new Stack<>();
for(int num : nums2){ for (int num : nums2) {
while(!stack.isEmpty() && num > stack.peek()){ while (!stack.isEmpty() && num > stack.peek()) {
map.put(stack.pop(), num); map.put(stack.pop(), num);
} }
stack.add(num); stack.add(num);
} }
int[] ret = new int[nums1.length]; int[] ret = new int[nums1.length];
for(int i = 0; i < nums1.length; i++){ for (int i = 0; i < nums1.length; i++) {
if(map.containsKey(nums1[i])) ret[i] = map.get(nums1[i]); if (map.containsKey(nums1[i])) ret[i] = map.get(nums1[i]);
else ret[i] = -1; else ret[i] = -1;
} }
return ret; return ret;
@ -3592,7 +3593,7 @@ Java 中的 **HashSet** 用于存储一个集合,并以 O(1) 的时间复杂
Java 中的 **HashMap** 主要用于映射关系,从而把两个元素联系起来。 Java 中的 **HashMap** 主要用于映射关系,从而把两个元素联系起来。
在对一个内容进行压缩或者其它转换时,利用 HashMap 可以把原始内容和转换后的内容联系起来。例如在一个简化 url 的系统中[Leetcdoe : 535. Encode and Decode TinyURL (Medium)](https://leetcode.com/problems/encode-and-decode-tinyurl/description/),利用 HashMap 就可以存储精简后的 url 到原始 url 的映射,使得不仅可以显示简化的 url也可以根据简化的 url 得到原始 url 从而定位到正确的资源。 在对一个内容进行压缩或者其它转换时,利用 HashMap 可以把原始内容和转换后的内容联系起来。例如在一个简化 url 的系统中[Leetcdoe : 535. Encode and Decode TinyURL (Medium)](https://leetcode.com/problems/encode-and-decode-tinyurl/description/),利用 HashMap 就可以存储精简后的 url 到原始 url 的映射,使得不仅可以显示简化的 url也可以根据简化的 url 得到原始 url 从而定位到正确的资源。
HashMap 也可以用来对元素进行计数统计,此时键为元素,值为计数。和 HashSet 类似,如果元素有穷并且范围不大,可以用整型数组来进行统计。 HashMap 也可以用来对元素进行计数统计,此时键为元素,值为计数。和 HashSet 类似,如果元素有穷并且范围不大,可以用整型数组来进行统计。
@ -3602,13 +3603,13 @@ HashMap 也可以用来对元素进行计数统计,此时键为元素,值为
可以先对数组进行排序,然后使用双指针方法或者二分查找方法。这样做的时间复杂度为 O(NlogN),空间复杂度为 O(1)。 可以先对数组进行排序,然后使用双指针方法或者二分查找方法。这样做的时间复杂度为 O(NlogN),空间复杂度为 O(1)。
用 HashMap 存储数组元素和索引的映射,在访问到 nums[i] 时,判断 HashMap 中是否存在 target - nums[i] ,如果存在说明 target - nums[i] 所在的索引和 i 就是要找的两个数。该方法的时间复杂度为 O(N),空间复杂度为 O(N),使用空间来换取时间。 用 HashMap 存储数组元素和索引的映射,在访问到 nums[i] 时,判断 HashMap 中是否存在 target - nums[i],如果存在说明 target - nums[i] 所在的索引和 i 就是要找的两个数。该方法的时间复杂度为 O(N),空间复杂度为 O(N),使用空间来换取时间。
```java ```java
public int[] twoSum(int[] nums, int target) { public int[] twoSum(int[] nums, int target) {
HashMap<Integer, Integer> map = new HashMap<>(); HashMap<Integer, Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
for(int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++){ for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
if(map.containsKey(target - nums[i])) return new int[]{map.get(target - nums[i]), i}; if (map.containsKey(target - nums[i])) return new int[] { map.get(target - nums[i]), i };
else map.put(nums[i], i); else map.put(nums[i], i);
} }
return null; return null;
@ -3622,7 +3623,9 @@ public int[] twoSum(int[] nums, int target) {
```java ```java
public boolean containsDuplicate(int[] nums) { public boolean containsDuplicate(int[] nums) {
Set<Integer> set = new HashSet<>(); Set<Integer> set = new HashSet<>();
for (int num : nums) set.add(num); for (int num : nums) {
set.add(num);
}
return set.size() < nums.length; return set.size() < nums.length;
} }
``` ```
@ -3657,13 +3660,15 @@ public int findLHS(int[] nums) {
**最长连续序列** **最长连续序列**
[Leetcode : 128. Longest Consecutive Sequence (Medium)](https://leetcode.com/problems/longest-consecutive-sequence/description/) [Leetcode : 128. Longest Consecutive Sequence (Hard)](https://leetcode.com/problems/longest-consecutive-sequence/description/)
```html ```html
Given [100, 4, 200, 1, 3, 2], Given [100, 4, 200, 1, 3, 2],
The longest consecutive elements sequence is [1, 2, 3, 4]. Return its length: 4. The longest consecutive elements sequence is [1, 2, 3, 4]. Return its length: 4.
``` ```
题目要求:以 O(N) 的时间复杂度求解。
```java ```java
public int longestConsecutive(int[] nums) { public int longestConsecutive(int[] nums) {
Map<Integer, Integer> numCnts = new HashMap<>(); Map<Integer, Integer> numCnts = new HashMap<>();
@ -3705,41 +3710,14 @@ s = "anagram", t = "nagaram", return true.
s = "rat", t = "car", return false. s = "rat", t = "car", return false.
``` ```
字符串只包含小写字符,总共有 26 个小写字符。可以用 Hash Table 来映射字符与出现次数,因为键值范围很小,因此可以使用长度为 26 的整型数组对字符串出现的字符进行统计,比较两个字符串出现的字符数量是否相同。 字符串只包含小写字符,总共有 26 个小写字符。可以用 Hash Table 来映射字符与出现次数,因为键值范围很小,因此可以使用长度为 26 的整型数组对字符串出现的字符进行统计,然后比较两个字符串出现的字符数量是否相同。
```java ```java
public boolean isAnagram(String s, String t) { public boolean isAnagram(String s, String t) {
int[] cnts = new int[26]; int[] cnts = new int[26];
for(int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) cnts[s.charAt(i) - 'a']++; for (char c : s.toCharArray()) cnts[c - 'a']++;
for(int i = 0; i < t.length(); i++) cnts[t.charAt(i) - 'a']--; for (char c : t.toCharArray()) cnts[c - 'a']--;
for(int i = 0; i < 26; i++) if(cnts[i] != 0) return false; for (int cnt : cnts) if (cnt != 0) return false;
return true;
}
```
**字符串同构**
[Leetcode : 205. Isomorphic Strings (Easy)](https://leetcode.com/problems/isomorphic-strings/description/)
```html
Given "egg", "add", return true.
Given "foo", "bar", return false.
Given "paper", "title", return true.
```
记录一个字符上次出现的位置,如果两个字符串中某个字符上次出现的位置一样,那么就属于同构。
```java
public boolean isIsomorphic(String s, String t) {
int[] m1 = new int[256];
int[] m2 = new int[256];
for(int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++){
if(m1[s.charAt(i)] != m2[t.charAt(i)]) {
return false;
}
m1[s.charAt(i)] = i + 1;
m2[t.charAt(i)] = i + 1;
}
return true; return true;
} }
``` ```
@ -3754,34 +3732,60 @@ Output : 7
Explanation : One longest palindrome that can be built is "dccaccd", whose length is 7. Explanation : One longest palindrome that can be built is "dccaccd", whose length is 7.
``` ```
使用长度为 128 的整型数组来统计每个字符出现的个数,每个字符有偶数个可以用来构成回文字符串。因为回文字符串最中间的那个字符可以单独出现,所以如果有单独的字符就把它放到最中间。 使用长度为 256 的整型数组来统计每个字符出现的个数,每个字符有偶数个可以用来构成回文字符串。因为回文字符串最中间的那个字符可以单独出现,所以如果有单独的字符就把它放到最中间。
```java ```java
public int longestPalindrome(String s) { public int longestPalindrome(String s) {
int[] cnts = new int[128]; // ascii 码总共 128 个 int[] cnts = new int[256];
for(char c : s.toCharArray()) cnts[c]++; for (char c : s.toCharArray()) cnts[c]++;
int ret = 0; int ret = 0;
for(int cnt : cnts) ret += (cnt / 2) * 2; for (int cnt : cnts) ret += (cnt / 2) * 2;
if(ret < s.length()) ret++; // 这个条件下 s 中一定有单个未使用的字符存在可以把这个字符放到回文的最中间 if (ret < s.length()) ret++; // 这个条件下 s 中一定有单个未使用的字符存在可以把这个字符放到回文的最中间
return ret; return ret;
} }
``` ```
**字符串同构**
[Leetcode : 205. Isomorphic Strings (Easy)](https://leetcode.com/problems/isomorphic-strings/description/)
```html
Given "egg", "add", return true.
Given "foo", "bar", return false.
Given "paper", "title", return true.
```
记录一个字符上次出现的位置,如果两个字符串中的字符上次出现的位置一样,那么就属于同构。
```java
public boolean isIsomorphic(String s, String t) {
int[] preIndexOfS = new int[256];
int[] preIndexOfT = new int[256];
for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
char sc = s.charAt(i), tc = t.charAt(i);
if (preIndexOfS[sc] != preIndexOfT[tc]) return false;
preIndexOfS[sc] = i + 1;
preIndexOfT[tc] = i + 1;
}
return true;
}
```
**判断一个整数是否是回文数** **判断一个整数是否是回文数**
[Leetcode : 9. Palindrome Number (Easy)](https://leetcode.com/problems/palindrome-number/description/) [Leetcode : 9. Palindrome Number (Easy)](https://leetcode.com/problems/palindrome-number/description/)
要求不能使用额外空间,也就不能将整数转换为字符串进行判断。 题目要求不能使用额外空间,也就不能将整数转换为字符串进行判断。
将整数分成左右两部分,右边那部分需要转置,然后判断这两部分是否相等。 将整数分成左右两部分,右边那部分需要转置,然后判断这两部分是否相等。
```java ```java
public boolean isPalindrome(int x) { public boolean isPalindrome(int x) {
if(x == 0) return true; if (x == 0) return true;
if(x < 0) return false; if (x < 0) return false;
if(x % 10 == 0) return false; if (x % 10 == 0) return false;
int right = 0; int right = 0;
while(x > right){ while (x > right) {
right = right * 10 + x % 10; right = right * 10 + x % 10;
x /= 10; x /= 10;
} }
@ -3804,7 +3808,7 @@ Explanation: Six palindromic strings: "a", "a", "a", "aa", "aa", "aaa".
```java ```java
private int cnt = 0; private int cnt = 0;
public int countSubstrings(String s) { public int countSubstrings(String s) {
for(int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) { for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
extendSubstrings(s, i, i); // 奇数长度 extendSubstrings(s, i, i); // 奇数长度
extendSubstrings(s, i, i + 1); // 偶数长度 extendSubstrings(s, i, i + 1); // 偶数长度
} }
@ -3812,7 +3816,7 @@ public int countSubstrings(String s) {
} }
private void extendSubstrings(String s, int start, int end) { private void extendSubstrings(String s, int start, int end) {
while(start >= 0 && end < s.length() && s.charAt(start) == s.charAt(end)) { while (start >= 0 && end < s.length() && s.charAt(start) == s.charAt(end)) {
start--; start--;
end++; end++;
cnt++; cnt++;
@ -3833,14 +3837,13 @@ Explanation: There are 6 substrings that have equal number of consecutive 1's an
```java ```java
public int countBinarySubstrings(String s) { public int countBinarySubstrings(String s) {
int preLen = 0, curLen = 1, ret = 0; int preLen = 0, curLen = 1, ret = 0;
for(int i = 1; i < s.length(); i++){ for (int i = 1; i < s.length(); i++) {
if(s.charAt(i) == s.charAt(i-1)) curLen++; if (s.charAt(i) == s.charAt(i-1)) curLen++;
else{ else {
preLen = curLen; preLen = curLen;
curLen = 1; curLen = 1;
} }
if (preLen >= curLen) ret++;
if(preLen >= curLen) ret++;
} }
return ret; return ret;
} }
@ -3848,7 +3851,7 @@ public int countBinarySubstrings(String s) {
**字符串循环移位包含** **字符串循环移位包含**
[ 编程之美3.1](#) [编程之美3.1](#)
```html ```html
s1 = AABCD, s2 = CDAA s1 = AABCD, s2 = CDAA
@ -3861,7 +3864,7 @@ s1 进行循环移位的结果是 s1s1 的子字符串,因此只要判断 s2
**字符串循环移位** **字符串循环移位**
[ 编程之美2.17](#) [编程之美2.17](#)
将字符串向右循环移动 k 位。 将字符串向右循环移动 k 位。
@ -3900,12 +3903,12 @@ public void moveZeroes(int[] nums) {
[Leetcode : 566. Reshape the Matrix (Easy)](https://leetcode.com/problems/reshape-the-matrix/description/) [Leetcode : 566. Reshape the Matrix (Easy)](https://leetcode.com/problems/reshape-the-matrix/description/)
```html ```html
Input: Input:
nums = nums =
[[1,2], [[1,2],
[3,4]] [3,4]]
r = 1, c = 4 r = 1, c = 4
Output: Output:
[[1,2,3,4]] [[1,2,3,4]]
Explanation: Explanation:
The row-traversing of nums is [1,2,3,4]. The new reshaped matrix is a 1 * 4 matrix, fill it row by row by using the previous list. The row-traversing of nums is [1,2,3,4]. The new reshaped matrix is a 1 * 4 matrix, fill it row by row by using the previous list.
@ -3933,19 +3936,191 @@ public int[][] matrixReshape(int[][] nums, int r, int c) {
```java ```java
public int findMaxConsecutiveOnes(int[] nums) { public int findMaxConsecutiveOnes(int[] nums) {
int max = 0; int max = 0, cur = 0;
int cur = 0;
for (int num : nums) { for (int num : nums) {
if (num == 0) cur = 0; cur = num == 0 ? 0 : cur + 1;
else { max = Math.max(max, cur);
cur++;
max = Math.max(max, cur);
}
} }
return max; return max;
} }
``` ```
**一个数组元素在 [1, n] 之间,其中一个数被替换为另一个数,找出丢失的数和重复的数**
[Leetcode : 645. Set Mismatch (Easy)](https://leetcode.com/problems/set-mismatch/description/)
```html
Input: nums = [1,2,2,4]
Output: [2,3]
```
```html
Input: nums = [1,2,2,4]
Output: [2,3]
```
最直接的方法是先对数组进行排序,这种方法时间复杂度为 O(NlogN)。本题可以以 O(N) 的时间复杂度、O(1) 空间复杂度来求解。
主要思想是通过交换数组元素,使得数组上的元素在正确的位置上。遍历数组,如果第 i 位上的元素不是 i + 1那么就交换第 i 位和 nums[i] - 1 位上的元素,使得 num[i] - 1 位置上的元素为 nums[i],也就是该位置上的元素是正确的。
```java
public int[] findErrorNums(int[] nums) {
for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
while (nums[i] != i + 1) {
if (nums[i] == nums[nums[i] - 1]) {
return new int[]{nums[nums[i] - 1], i + 1};
}
swap(nums, i, nums[i] - 1);
}
}
return null;
}
private void swap(int[] nums, int i, int j) {
int tmp = nums[i]; nums[i] = nums[j]; nums[j] = tmp;
}
```
类似题目:
- [Leetcode :448. Find All Numbers Disappeared in an Array (Easy)](https://leetcode.com/problems/find-all-numbers-disappeared-in-an-array/description/),寻找所有丢失的元素
- [Leetcode : 442. Find All Duplicates in an Array (Medium)](https://leetcode.com/problems/find-all-duplicates-in-an-array/description/),寻找所有重复的元素。
**找出数组中重复的数,数组值在 [1, n] 之间**
[Leetcode : 287. Find the Duplicate Number (Medium)](https://leetcode.com/problems/find-the-duplicate-number/description/)
要求不能修改数组,也不能使用额外的空间。
二分查找解法:
```java
public int findDuplicate(int[] nums) {
int l = 1, h = nums.length - 1;
while (l <= h) {
int mid = l + (h - l) / 2;
int cnt = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
if (nums[i] <= mid) cnt++;
}
if (cnt > mid) h = mid - 1;
else l = mid + 1;
}
return l;
}
```
双指针解法,类似于有环链表中找出环的入口:
```java
public int findDuplicate(int[] nums) {
int slow = nums[0], fast = nums[nums[0]];
while (slow != fast) {
slow = nums[slow];
fast = nums[nums[fast]];
}
fast = 0;
while (slow != fast) {
slow = nums[slow];
fast = nums[fast];
}
return slow;
}
```
**有序矩阵查找**
[Leetocde : 240. Search a 2D Matrix II (Medium)](https://leetcode.com/problems/search-a-2d-matrix-ii/description/)
```html
[
[ 1, 5, 9],
[10, 11, 13],
[12, 13, 15]
]
```
```java
public boolean searchMatrix(int[][] matrix, int target) {
if (matrix == null || matrix.length == 0 || matrix[0].length == 0) return false;
int m = matrix.length, n = matrix[0].length;
int row = 0, col = n - 1;
while (row < m && col >= 0) {
if (target == matrix[row][col]) return true;
else if (target < matrix[row][col]) col--;
else row++;
}
return false;
}
```
**有序矩阵的 Kth Element**
[Leetcode : 378. Kth Smallest Element in a Sorted Matrix ((Medium))](https://leetcode.com/problems/kth-smallest-element-in-a-sorted-matrix/description/)
```html
matrix = [
[ 1, 5, 9],
[10, 11, 13],
[12, 13, 15]
],
k = 8,
return 13.
```
解题参考:[Share my thoughts and Clean Java Code](https://leetcode.com/problems/kth-smallest-element-in-a-sorted-matrix/discuss/85173)
二分查找解法:
```java
public int kthSmallest(int[][] matrix, int k) {
int m = matrix.length, n = matrix[0].length;
int lo = matrix[0][0], hi = matrix[m - 1][n - 1];
while(lo <= hi) {
int mid = lo + (hi - lo) / 2;
int cnt = 0;
for(int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
for(int j = 0; j < n && matrix[i][j] <= mid; j++) {
cnt++;
}
}
if(cnt < k) lo = mid + 1;
else hi = mid - 1;
}
return lo;
}
```
堆解法:
```java
public int kthSmallest(int[][] matrix, int k) {
int m = matrix.length, n = matrix[0].length;
PriorityQueue<Tuple> pq = new PriorityQueue<Tuple>();
for(int j = 0; j < n; j++) pq.offer(new Tuple(0, j, matrix[0][j]));
for(int i = 0; i < k - 1; i++) { // 小根堆去掉 k - 1 个堆顶元素此时堆顶元素就是第 k 的数
Tuple t = pq.poll();
if(t.x == m - 1) continue;
pq.offer(new Tuple(t.x + 1, t.y, matrix[t.x + 1][t.y]));
}
return pq.poll().val;
}
class Tuple implements Comparable<Tuple> {
int x, y, val;
public Tuple(int x, int y, int val) {
this.x = x; this.y = y; this.val = val;
}
@Override
public int compareTo(Tuple that) {
return this.val - that.val;
}
}
```
**数组相邻差值的个数** **数组相邻差值的个数**
[Leetcode : 667. Beautiful Arrangement II (Medium)](https://leetcode.com/problems/beautiful-arrangement-ii/description/) [Leetcode : 667. Beautiful Arrangement II (Medium)](https://leetcode.com/problems/beautiful-arrangement-ii/description/)
@ -4112,185 +4287,6 @@ public int maxChunksToSorted(int[] arr) {
} }
``` ```
**一个数组元素在 [1, n] 之间,其中一个数被替换为另一个数,找出丢失的数和重复的数**
[Leetcode : 645. Set Mismatch (Easy)](https://leetcode.com/problems/set-mismatch/description/)
```html
Input: nums = [1,2,2,4]
Output: [2,3]
```
```html
Input: nums = [1,2,2,4]
Output: [2,3]
```
最直接的方法是先对数组进行排序,这种方法时间复杂度为 O(nlogn)。本题可以以 O(n) 的时间复杂度、O(1) 空间复杂度来求解。
主要思想是通过交换数组元素,使得数组上的元素在正确的位置上。
遍历数组,如果第 i 位上的元素不是 i + 1 ,那么就交换第 i 位 和 nums[i] - 1 位上的元素,使得 num[i] - 1 的元素为 nums[i] ,也就是该位的元素是正确的。交换操作需要循环进行,因为一次交换没办法使得第 i 位上的元素是正确的。但是要交换的两个元素可能就是重复元素,那么循环就可能永远进行下去,终止循环的方法是加上 nums[i] != nums[nums[i] - 1 条件。
类似题目:
- [Leetcode :448. Find All Numbers Disappeared in an Array (Easy)](https://leetcode.com/problems/find-all-numbers-disappeared-in-an-array/description/),寻找所有丢失的元素
- [Leetcode : 442. Find All Duplicates in an Array (Medium)](https://leetcode.com/problems/find-all-duplicates-in-an-array/description/),寻找所有重复的元素。
```java
public int[] findErrorNums(int[] nums) {
for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
while (nums[i] != i + 1) {
if (nums[i] == nums[nums[i] - 1]) {
return new int[]{nums[nums[i] - 1], i + 1};
}
swap(nums, i, nums[i] - 1);
}
}
return null;
}
private void swap(int[] nums, int i, int j) {
int tmp = nums[i]; nums[i] = nums[j]; nums[j] = tmp;
}
```
**找出数组中重复的数,数组值在 [1, n] 之间**
[Leetcode : 287. Find the Duplicate Number (Medium)](https://leetcode.com/problems/find-the-duplicate-number/description/)
要求不能修改数组,也不能使用额外的空间。
二分查找解法:
```java
public int findDuplicate(int[] nums) {
int l = 1, h = nums.length - 1;
while (l <= h) {
int mid = l + (h - l) / 2;
int cnt = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
if (nums[i] <= mid) cnt++;
}
if (cnt > mid) h = mid - 1;
else l = mid + 1;
}
return l;
}
```
双指针解法,类似于有环链表中找出环的入口:
```java
public int findDuplicate(int[] nums) {
int slow = nums[0], fast = nums[nums[0]];
while (slow != fast) {
slow = nums[slow];
fast = nums[nums[fast]];
}
fast = 0;
while (slow != fast) {
slow = nums[slow];
fast = nums[fast];
}
return slow;
}
```
**有序矩阵查找**
[Leetocde : 240. Search a 2D Matrix II (Medium)](https://leetcode.com/problems/search-a-2d-matrix-ii/description/)
```html
[
[ 1, 5, 9],
[10, 11, 13],
[12, 13, 15]
]
```
```java
public boolean searchMatrix(int[][] matrix, int target) {
if (matrix == null || matrix.length == 0 || matrix[0].length == 0) return false;
int m = matrix.length, n = matrix[0].length;
int row = 0, col = n - 1;
while (row < m && col >= 0) {
if (target == matrix[row][col]) return true;
else if (target < matrix[row][col]) col--;
else row++;
}
return false;
}
```
**有序矩阵的 Kth Element**
[Leetcode : 378. Kth Smallest Element in a Sorted Matrix ((Medium))](https://leetcode.com/problems/kth-smallest-element-in-a-sorted-matrix/description/)
```html
matrix = [
[ 1, 5, 9],
[10, 11, 13],
[12, 13, 15]
],
k = 8,
return 13.
```
解题参考:[Share my thoughts and Clean Java Code](https://leetcode.com/problems/kth-smallest-element-in-a-sorted-matrix/discuss/85173)
二分查找解法:
```java
public int kthSmallest(int[][] matrix, int k) {
int m = matrix.length, n = matrix[0].length;
int lo = matrix[0][0], hi = matrix[m - 1][n - 1];
while(lo <= hi) {
int mid = lo + (hi - lo) / 2;
int cnt = 0;
for(int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
for(int j = 0; j < n && matrix[i][j] <= mid; j++) {
cnt++;
}
}
if(cnt < k) lo = mid + 1;
else hi = mid - 1;
}
return lo;
}
```
堆解法:
```java
public int kthSmallest(int[][] matrix, int k) {
int m = matrix.length, n = matrix[0].length;
PriorityQueue<Tuple> pq = new PriorityQueue<Tuple>();
for(int j = 0; j < n; j++) pq.offer(new Tuple(0, j, matrix[0][j]));
for(int i = 0; i < k - 1; i++) { // 小根堆去掉 k - 1 个堆顶元素此时堆顶元素就是第 k 的数
Tuple t = pq.poll();
if(t.x == m - 1) continue;
pq.offer(new Tuple(t.x + 1, t.y, matrix[t.x + 1][t.y]));
}
return pq.poll().val;
}
class Tuple implements Comparable<Tuple> {
int x, y, val;
public Tuple(int x, int y, int val) {
this.x = x; this.y = y; this.val = val;
}
@Override
public int compareTo(Tuple that) {
return this.val - that.val;
}
}
```
## 链表 ## 链表
链表是空节点,或者有一个值和一个指向下一个链表的指针,因此很多链表问题可以用递归来处理。 链表是空节点,或者有一个值和一个指向下一个链表的指针,因此很多链表问题可以用递归来处理。
@ -4316,7 +4312,7 @@ B: b1 → b2 → b3
```java ```java
public ListNode getIntersectionNode(ListNode headA, ListNode headB) { public ListNode getIntersectionNode(ListNode headA, ListNode headB) {
ListNode l1 = headA, l2 = headB; ListNode l1 = headA, l2 = headB;
while(l1 != l2){ while (l1 != l2) {
l1 = (l1 == null) ? headB : l1.next; l1 = (l1 == null) ? headB : l1.next;
l2 = (l2 == null) ? headA : l2.next; l2 = (l2 == null) ? headA : l2.next;
} }
@ -4447,52 +4443,6 @@ public ListNode swapPairs(ListNode head) {
} }
``` ```
**根据有序链表构造平衡的 BST**
[Leetcode : 109. Convert Sorted List to Binary Search Tree (Medium)](https://leetcode.com/problems/convert-sorted-list-to-binary-search-tree/description/)
```html
Given the sorted linked list: [-10,-3,0,5,9],
One possible answer is: [0,-3,9,-10,null,5], which represents the following height balanced BST:
0
/ \
-3 9
/ /
-10 5
```
```java
public TreeNode sortedListToBST(ListNode head) {
if (head == null) return null;
int size = size(head);
if (size == 1) return new TreeNode(head.val);
ListNode pre = head, mid = pre.next;
int step = 2;
while (step <= size / 2) {
pre = mid;
mid = mid.next;
step++;
}
pre.next = null;
TreeNode t = new TreeNode(mid.val);
t.left = sortedListToBST(head);
t.right = sortedListToBST(mid.next);
return t;
}
private int size(ListNode node) {
int size = 0;
while (node != null) {
size++;
node = node.next;
}
return size;
}
```
**链表求和** **链表求和**
[Leetcode : 445. Add Two Numbers II (Medium)](https://leetcode.com/problems/add-two-numbers-ii/description/) [Leetcode : 445. Add Two Numbers II (Medium)](https://leetcode.com/problems/add-two-numbers-ii/description/)
@ -4532,46 +4482,6 @@ private Stack<Integer> buildStack(ListNode l) {
} }
``` ```
**分隔链表**
[Leetcode : 725. Split Linked List in Parts(Medium)](https://leetcode.com/problems/split-linked-list-in-parts/description/)
```html
Input:
root = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10], k = 3
Output: [[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7], [8, 9, 10]]
Explanation:
The input has been split into consecutive parts with size difference at most 1, and earlier parts are a larger size than the later parts.
```
题目描述:把链表分隔成 k 部分,每部分的长度都应该尽可能相同,排在前面的长度应该大于等于后面的。
```java
public ListNode[] splitListToParts(ListNode root, int k) {
int N = 0;
ListNode cur = root;
while (cur != null) {
N++;
cur = cur.next;
}
int mod = N % k;
int size = N / k;
ListNode[] ret = new ListNode[k];
cur = root;
for (int i = 0; cur != null && i < k; i++) {
ret[i] = cur;
int curSize = size + (mod-- > 0 ? 1 : 0);
for (int j = 0; j < curSize - 1; j++) {
cur = cur.next;
}
ListNode next = cur.next;
cur.next = null;
cur = next;
}
return ret;
}
```
**回文链表** **回文链表**
[Leetcode : 234. Palindrome Linked List (Easy)](https://leetcode.com/problems/palindrome-linked-list/description/) [Leetcode : 234. Palindrome Linked List (Easy)](https://leetcode.com/problems/palindrome-linked-list/description/)
@ -4652,6 +4562,46 @@ public ListNode oddEvenList(ListNode head) {
} }
``` ```
**分隔链表**
[Leetcode : 725. Split Linked List in Parts(Medium)](https://leetcode.com/problems/split-linked-list-in-parts/description/)
```html
Input:
root = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10], k = 3
Output: [[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7], [8, 9, 10]]
Explanation:
The input has been split into consecutive parts with size difference at most 1, and earlier parts are a larger size than the later parts.
```
题目描述:把链表分隔成 k 部分,每部分的长度都应该尽可能相同,排在前面的长度应该大于等于后面的。
```java
public ListNode[] splitListToParts(ListNode root, int k) {
int N = 0;
ListNode cur = root;
while (cur != null) {
N++;
cur = cur.next;
}
int mod = N % k;
int size = N / k;
ListNode[] ret = new ListNode[k];
cur = root;
for (int i = 0; cur != null && i < k; i++) {
ret[i] = cur;
int curSize = size + (mod-- > 0 ? 1 : 0);
for (int j = 0; j < curSize - 1; j++) {
cur = cur.next;
}
ListNode next = cur.next;
cur.next = null;
cur = next;
}
return ret;
}
```
## 树 ## 树
### 递归 ### 递归
@ -5545,6 +5495,52 @@ private void inOrder(TreeNode node, int k) {
} }
``` ```
**根据有序链表构造平衡的 BST**
[Leetcode : 109. Convert Sorted List to Binary Search Tree (Medium)](https://leetcode.com/problems/convert-sorted-list-to-binary-search-tree/description/)
```html
Given the sorted linked list: [-10,-3,0,5,9],
One possible answer is: [0,-3,9,-10,null,5], which represents the following height balanced BST:
0
/ \
-3 9
/ /
-10 5
```
```java
public TreeNode sortedListToBST(ListNode head) {
if (head == null) return null;
int size = size(head);
if (size == 1) return new TreeNode(head.val);
ListNode pre = head, mid = pre.next;
int step = 2;
while (step <= size / 2) {
pre = mid;
mid = mid.next;
step++;
}
pre.next = null;
TreeNode t = new TreeNode(mid.val);
t.left = sortedListToBST(head);
t.right = sortedListToBST(mid.next);
return t;
}
private int size(ListNode node) {
int size = 0;
while (node != null) {
size++;
node = node.next;
}
return size;
}
```
### Trie ### Trie
<div align="center"> <img src="../pics//5c638d59-d4ae-4ba4-ad44-80bdc30f38dd.jpg"/> </div><br> <div align="center"> <img src="../pics//5c638d59-d4ae-4ba4-ad44-80bdc30f38dd.jpg"/> </div><br>