CS-Notes/notes/设计模式 - 命令.md

## 2. 命令（Command）

### Intent

将命令封装成对象中，具有以下作用：

- 使用命令来参数化其它对象
- 将命令放入队列中进行排队
- 将命令的操作记录到日志中
- 支持可撤销的操作

### Class Diagram

- Command：命令
- Receiver：命令接收者，也就是命令真正的执行者
- Invoker：通过它来调用命令
- Client：可以设置命令与命令的接收者

<div align="center"> <img src="https://cs-notes-1256109796.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/c44a0342-f405-4f17-b750-e27cf4aadde2.png"/> </div><br>

### Implementation

设计一个遥控器，可以控制电灯开关。

<div align="center"> <img src="https://cs-notes-1256109796.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/e6bded8e-41a0-489a-88a6-638e88ab7666.jpg"/> </div><br>

```java
public interface Command {
    void execute();
}
```

```java
public class LightOnCommand implements Command {
    Light light;

    public LightOnCommand(Light light) {
        this.light = light;
    }

    @Override
    public void execute() {
        light.on();
    }
}
```

```java
public class LightOffCommand implements Command {
    Light light;

    public LightOffCommand(Light light) {
        this.light = light;
    }

    @Override
    public void execute() {
        light.off();
    }
}
```

```java
public class Light {

    public void on() {
        System.out.println("Light is on!");
    }

    public void off() {
        System.out.println("Light is off!");
    }
}
```

```java
/**
 * 遥控器
 */
public class Invoker {
    private Command[] onCommands;
    private Command[] offCommands;
    private final int slotNum = 7;

    public Invoker() {
        this.onCommands = new Command[slotNum];
        this.offCommands = new Command[slotNum];
    }

    public void setOnCommand(Command command, int slot) {
        onCommands[slot] = command;
    }

    public void setOffCommand(Command command, int slot) {
        offCommands[slot] = command;
    }

    public void onButtonWasPushed(int slot) {
        onCommands[slot].execute();
    }

    public void offButtonWasPushed(int slot) {
        offCommands[slot].execute();
    }
}
```

```java
public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Invoker invoker = new Invoker();
        Light light = new Light();
        Command lightOnCommand = new LightOnCommand(light);
        Command lightOffCommand = new LightOffCommand(light);
        invoker.setOnCommand(lightOnCommand, 0);
        invoker.setOffCommand(lightOffCommand, 0);
        invoker.onButtonWasPushed(0);
        invoker.offButtonWasPushed(0);
    }
}
```

### JDK

- [java.lang.Runnable](http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Runnable.html)
- [Netflix Hystrix](https://github.com/Netflix/Hystrix/wiki)
- [javax.swing.Action](http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/javax/swing/Action.html)