2019-11-02 14:39:13 +08:00
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<!-- GFM-TOC -->
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2020-05-27 01:18:59 +08:00
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* [0. 原理](#0-原理)
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2019-11-02 14:39:13 +08:00
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* [1. 统计两个数的二进制表示有多少位不同](#1-统计两个数的二进制表示有多少位不同)
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* [2. 数组中唯一一个不重复的元素](#2-数组中唯一一个不重复的元素)
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* [3. 找出数组中缺失的那个数](#3-找出数组中缺失的那个数)
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* [4. 数组中不重复的两个元素](#4-数组中不重复的两个元素)
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* [5. 翻转一个数的比特位](#5-翻转一个数的比特位)
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* [6. 不用额外变量交换两个整数](#6-不用额外变量交换两个整数)
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* [7. 判断一个数是不是 2 的 n 次方](#7-判断一个数是不是-2-的-n-次方)
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* [8. 判断一个数是不是 4 的 n 次方](#8--判断一个数是不是-4-的-n-次方)
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* [9. 判断一个数的位级表示是否不会出现连续的 0 和 1](#9-判断一个数的位级表示是否不会出现连续的-0-和-1)
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* [10. 求一个数的补码](#10-求一个数的补码)
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* [11. 实现整数的加法](#11-实现整数的加法)
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* [12. 字符串数组最大乘积](#12-字符串数组最大乘积)
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* [13. 统计从 0 \~ n 每个数的二进制表示中 1 的个数](#13-统计从-0-\~-n-每个数的二进制表示中-1-的个数)
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<!-- GFM-TOC -->
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2020-05-27 01:18:59 +08:00
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# 0. 原理
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**基本原理**
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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0s 表示一串 0,1s 表示一串 1。
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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```
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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x ^ 0s = x x & 0s = 0 x | 0s = x
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x ^ 1s = ~x x & 1s = x x | 1s = 1s
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x ^ x = 0 x & x = x x | x = x
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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```
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2020-05-27 01:18:59 +08:00
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利用 x ^ 1s = \~x 的特点,可以将一个数的位级表示翻转;利用 x ^ x = 0 的特点,可以将三个数中重复的两个数去除,只留下另一个数。
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```
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1^1^2 = 2
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```
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利用 x & 0s = 0 和 x & 1s = x 的特点,可以实现掩码操作。一个数 num 与 mask:00111100 进行位与操作,只保留 num 中与 mask 的 1 部分相对应的位。
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```
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01011011 &
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00111100
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--------
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00011000
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```
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利用 x | 0s = x 和 x | 1s = 1s 的特点,可以实现设值操作。一个数 num 与 mask:00111100 进行位或操作,将 num 中与 mask 的 1 部分相对应的位都设置为 1。
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```
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01011011 |
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00111100
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--------
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01111111
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```
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**位与运算技巧**
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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2020-05-27 01:18:59 +08:00
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n&(n-1) 去除 n 的位级表示中最低的那一位 1。例如对于二进制表示 01011011,减去 1 得到 01011010,这两个数相与得到 01011010。
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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2020-05-27 01:18:59 +08:00
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```
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01011011 &
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01011010
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--------
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01011010
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```
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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2020-05-27 01:18:59 +08:00
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n&(-n) 得到 n 的位级表示中最低的那一位 1。-n 得到 n 的反码加 1,也就是 -n=\~n+1。例如对于二进制表示 10110100,-n 得到 01001100,相与得到 00000100。
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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2020-05-27 01:18:59 +08:00
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```
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10110100 &
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01001100
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--------
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00000100
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```
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n-(n&(-n)) 则可以去除 n 的位级表示中最低的那一位 1,和 n&(n-1) 效果一样。
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**移位运算**
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\>\> n 为算术右移,相当于除以 2n,例如 -7 \>\> 2 = -2。
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```
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11111111111111111111111111111001 >> 2
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--------
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11111111111111111111111111111110
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```
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\>\>\> n 为无符号右移,左边会补上 0。例如 -7 \>\>\> 2 = 1073741822。
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```
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11111111111111111111111111111001 >>> 2
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--------
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00111111111111111111111111111111
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```
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<< n 为算术左移,相当于乘以 2n。-7 << 2 = -28。
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```
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11111111111111111111111111111001 << 2
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--------
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11111111111111111111111111100100
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```
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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2020-05-27 01:18:59 +08:00
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**mask 计算**
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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要获取 111111111,将 0 取反即可,\~0。
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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2020-05-27 01:18:59 +08:00
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要得到只有第 i 位为 1 的 mask,将 1 向左移动 i-1 位即可,1<<(i-1) 。例如 1<<4 得到只有第 5 位为 1 的 mask :00010000。
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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2020-05-27 01:18:59 +08:00
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要得到 1 到 i 位为 1 的 mask,(1<<i)-1 即可,例如将 (1<<4)-1 = 00010000-1 = 00001111。
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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2020-05-27 01:18:59 +08:00
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要得到 1 到 i 位为 0 的 mask,只需将 1 到 i 位为 1 的 mask 取反,即 \~((1<<i)-1)。
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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2019-11-02 14:39:13 +08:00
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**Java 中的位操作**
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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```html
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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static int Integer.bitCount(); // 统计 1 的数量
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static int Integer.highestOneBit(); // 获得最高位
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static String toBinaryString(int i); // 转换为二进制表示的字符串
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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```
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2019-05-14 22:56:30 +08:00
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# 1. 统计两个数的二进制表示有多少位不同
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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2019-10-27 00:52:52 +08:00
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461. Hamming Distance (Easy)
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[Leetcode](https://leetcode.com/problems/hamming-distance/) / [力扣](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/hamming-distance/)
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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```html
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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Input: x = 1, y = 4
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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Output: 2
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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Explanation:
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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1 (0 0 0 1)
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4 (0 1 0 0)
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↑ ↑
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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The above arrows point to positions where the corresponding bits are different.
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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```
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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对两个数进行异或操作,位级表示不同的那一位为 1,统计有多少个 1 即可。
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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```java
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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public int hammingDistance(int x, int y) {
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int z = x ^ y;
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int cnt = 0;
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while(z != 0) {
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if ((z & 1) == 1) cnt++;
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z = z >> 1;
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}
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return cnt;
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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}
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```
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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使用 z&(z-1) 去除 z 位级表示最低的那一位。
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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```java
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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public int hammingDistance(int x, int y) {
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int z = x ^ y;
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int cnt = 0;
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while (z != 0) {
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z &= (z - 1);
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cnt++;
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}
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return cnt;
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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}
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```
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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可以使用 Integer.bitcount() 来统计 1 个的个数。
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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```java
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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public int hammingDistance(int x, int y) {
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return Integer.bitCount(x ^ y);
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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}
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```
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2019-05-14 22:56:30 +08:00
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# 2. 数组中唯一一个不重复的元素
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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2019-10-27 00:52:52 +08:00
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136\. Single Number (Easy)
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[Leetcode](https://leetcode.com/problems/single-number/description/) / [力扣](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/single-number/description/)
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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```html
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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Input: [4,1,2,1,2]
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Output: 4
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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```
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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两个相同的数异或的结果为 0,对所有数进行异或操作,最后的结果就是单独出现的那个数。
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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```java
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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public int singleNumber(int[] nums) {
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int ret = 0;
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for (int n : nums) ret = ret ^ n;
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return ret;
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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}
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```
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2019-05-14 22:56:30 +08:00
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# 3. 找出数组中缺失的那个数
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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2019-10-27 00:52:52 +08:00
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268\. Missing Number (Easy)
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[Leetcode](https://leetcode.com/problems/missing-number/description/) / [力扣](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/missing-number/description/)
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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```html
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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Input: [3,0,1]
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Output: 2
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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```
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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题目描述:数组元素在 0-n 之间,但是有一个数是缺失的,要求找到这个缺失的数。
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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```java
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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public int missingNumber(int[] nums) {
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int ret = 0;
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for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
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ret = ret ^ i ^ nums[i];
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}
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return ret ^ nums.length;
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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}
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```
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2019-05-14 22:56:30 +08:00
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# 4. 数组中不重复的两个元素
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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2019-10-27 00:52:52 +08:00
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260\. Single Number III (Medium)
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[Leetcode](https://leetcode.com/problems/single-number-iii/description/) / [力扣](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/single-number-iii/description/)
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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两个不相等的元素在位级表示上必定会有一位存在不同。
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将数组的所有元素异或得到的结果为不存在重复的两个元素异或的结果。
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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diff &= -diff 得到出 diff 最右侧不为 0 的位,也就是不存在重复的两个元素在位级表示上最右侧不同的那一位,利用这一位就可以将两个元素区分开来。
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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```java
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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public int[] singleNumber(int[] nums) {
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int diff = 0;
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for (int num : nums) diff ^= num;
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diff &= -diff; // 得到最右一位
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int[] ret = new int[2];
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for (int num : nums) {
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if ((num & diff) == 0) ret[0] ^= num;
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else ret[1] ^= num;
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}
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return ret;
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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}
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```
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2019-05-14 22:56:30 +08:00
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# 5. 翻转一个数的比特位
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2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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2019-10-27 00:52:52 +08:00
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190\. Reverse Bits (Easy)
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[Leetcode](https://leetcode.com/problems/reverse-bits/description/) / [力扣](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/reverse-bits/description/)
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
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```java
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
public int reverseBits(int n) {
|
|
|
|
|
int ret = 0;
|
|
|
|
|
for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
|
|
|
|
|
ret <<= 1;
|
|
|
|
|
ret |= (n & 1);
|
|
|
|
|
n >>>= 1;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
return ret;
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
如果该函数需要被调用很多次,可以将 int 拆成 4 个 byte,然后缓存 byte 对应的比特位翻转,最后再拼接起来。
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```java
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
private static Map<Byte, Integer> cache = new HashMap<>();
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
public int reverseBits(int n) {
|
|
|
|
|
int ret = 0;
|
|
|
|
|
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
|
|
|
|
|
ret <<= 8;
|
|
|
|
|
ret |= reverseByte((byte) (n & 0b11111111));
|
|
|
|
|
n >>= 8;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
return ret;
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
private int reverseByte(byte b) {
|
|
|
|
|
if (cache.containsKey(b)) return cache.get(b);
|
|
|
|
|
int ret = 0;
|
|
|
|
|
byte t = b;
|
|
|
|
|
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
|
|
|
|
|
ret <<= 1;
|
|
|
|
|
ret |= t & 1;
|
|
|
|
|
t >>= 1;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
cache.put(b, ret);
|
|
|
|
|
return ret;
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-05-14 22:56:30 +08:00
|
|
|
|
# 6. 不用额外变量交换两个整数
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
[程序员代码面试指南 :P317](#)
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```java
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
a = a ^ b;
|
|
|
|
|
b = a ^ b;
|
|
|
|
|
a = a ^ b;
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-05-14 22:56:30 +08:00
|
|
|
|
# 7. 判断一个数是不是 2 的 n 次方
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-10-27 00:52:52 +08:00
|
|
|
|
231\. Power of Two (Easy)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Leetcode](https://leetcode.com/problems/power-of-two/description/) / [力扣](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/power-of-two/description/)
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
二进制表示只有一个 1 存在。
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```java
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
public boolean isPowerOfTwo(int n) {
|
|
|
|
|
return n > 0 && Integer.bitCount(n) == 1;
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
利用 1000 & 0111 == 0 这种性质,得到以下解法:
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```java
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
public boolean isPowerOfTwo(int n) {
|
|
|
|
|
return n > 0 && (n & (n - 1)) == 0;
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-05-14 22:56:30 +08:00
|
|
|
|
# 8. 判断一个数是不是 4 的 n 次方
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-10-27 00:52:52 +08:00
|
|
|
|
342\. Power of Four (Easy)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Leetcode](https://leetcode.com/problems/power-of-four/) / [力扣](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/power-of-four/)
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
这种数在二进制表示中有且只有一个奇数位为 1,例如 16(10000)。
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```java
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
public boolean isPowerOfFour(int num) {
|
|
|
|
|
return num > 0 && (num & (num - 1)) == 0 && (num & 0b01010101010101010101010101010101) != 0;
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
也可以使用正则表达式进行匹配。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```java
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
public boolean isPowerOfFour(int num) {
|
|
|
|
|
return Integer.toString(num, 4).matches("10*");
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-05-14 22:56:30 +08:00
|
|
|
|
# 9. 判断一个数的位级表示是否不会出现连续的 0 和 1
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-10-27 00:52:52 +08:00
|
|
|
|
693\. Binary Number with Alternating Bits (Easy)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Leetcode](https://leetcode.com/problems/binary-number-with-alternating-bits/description/) / [力扣](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/binary-number-with-alternating-bits/description/)
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```html
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
Input: 10
|
|
|
|
|
Output: True
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
Explanation:
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
The binary representation of 10 is: 1010.
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
Input: 11
|
|
|
|
|
Output: False
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
Explanation:
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
The binary representation of 11 is: 1011.
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
对于 1010 这种位级表示的数,把它向右移动 1 位得到 101,这两个数每个位都不同,因此异或得到的结果为 1111。
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```java
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
public boolean hasAlternatingBits(int n) {
|
|
|
|
|
int a = (n ^ (n >> 1));
|
|
|
|
|
return (a & (a + 1)) == 0;
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-05-14 22:56:30 +08:00
|
|
|
|
# 10. 求一个数的补码
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-10-27 00:52:52 +08:00
|
|
|
|
476\. Number Complement (Easy)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Leetcode](https://leetcode.com/problems/number-complement/description/) / [力扣](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/number-complement/description/)
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```html
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
Input: 5
|
|
|
|
|
Output: 2
|
|
|
|
|
Explanation: The binary representation of 5 is 101 (no leading zero bits), and its complement is 010. So you need to output 2.
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
题目描述:不考虑二进制表示中的首 0 部分。
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
对于 00000101,要求补码可以将它与 00000111 进行异或操作。那么问题就转换为求掩码 00000111。
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```java
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
public int findComplement(int num) {
|
|
|
|
|
if (num == 0) return 1;
|
|
|
|
|
int mask = 1 << 30;
|
|
|
|
|
while ((num & mask) == 0) mask >>= 1;
|
|
|
|
|
mask = (mask << 1) - 1;
|
|
|
|
|
return num ^ mask;
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
可以利用 Java 的 Integer.highestOneBit() 方法来获得含有首 1 的数。
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```java
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
public int findComplement(int num) {
|
|
|
|
|
if (num == 0) return 1;
|
|
|
|
|
int mask = Integer.highestOneBit(num);
|
|
|
|
|
mask = (mask << 1) - 1;
|
|
|
|
|
return num ^ mask;
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
对于 10000000 这样的数要扩展成 11111111,可以利用以下方法:
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```html
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
mask |= mask >> 1 11000000
|
|
|
|
|
mask |= mask >> 2 11110000
|
|
|
|
|
mask |= mask >> 4 11111111
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```java
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
public int findComplement(int num) {
|
|
|
|
|
int mask = num;
|
|
|
|
|
mask |= mask >> 1;
|
|
|
|
|
mask |= mask >> 2;
|
|
|
|
|
mask |= mask >> 4;
|
|
|
|
|
mask |= mask >> 8;
|
|
|
|
|
mask |= mask >> 16;
|
|
|
|
|
return (mask ^ num);
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-05-14 22:56:30 +08:00
|
|
|
|
# 11. 实现整数的加法
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-10-27 00:52:52 +08:00
|
|
|
|
371\. Sum of Two Integers (Easy)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Leetcode](https://leetcode.com/problems/sum-of-two-integers/description/) / [力扣](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/sum-of-two-integers/description/)
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
a ^ b 表示没有考虑进位的情况下两数的和,(a & b) << 1 就是进位。
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
递归会终止的原因是 (a & b) << 1 最右边会多一个 0,那么继续递归,进位最右边的 0 会慢慢增多,最后进位会变为 0,递归终止。
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```java
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
public int getSum(int a, int b) {
|
|
|
|
|
return b == 0 ? a : getSum((a ^ b), (a & b) << 1);
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-05-14 22:56:30 +08:00
|
|
|
|
# 12. 字符串数组最大乘积
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-10-27 00:52:52 +08:00
|
|
|
|
318\. Maximum Product of Word Lengths (Medium)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Leetcode](https://leetcode.com/problems/maximum-product-of-word-lengths/description/) / [力扣](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/maximum-product-of-word-lengths/description/)
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```html
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
Given ["abcw", "baz", "foo", "bar", "xtfn", "abcdef"]
|
|
|
|
|
Return 16
|
|
|
|
|
The two words can be "abcw", "xtfn".
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
题目描述:字符串数组的字符串只含有小写字符。求解字符串数组中两个字符串长度的最大乘积,要求这两个字符串不能含有相同字符。
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
本题主要问题是判断两个字符串是否含相同字符,由于字符串只含有小写字符,总共 26 位,因此可以用一个 32 位的整数来存储每个字符是否出现过。
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```java
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
public int maxProduct(String[] words) {
|
|
|
|
|
int n = words.length;
|
|
|
|
|
int[] val = new int[n];
|
|
|
|
|
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
|
|
|
|
|
for (char c : words[i].toCharArray()) {
|
|
|
|
|
val[i] |= 1 << (c - 'a');
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
int ret = 0;
|
|
|
|
|
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
|
|
|
|
|
for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++) {
|
|
|
|
|
if ((val[i] & val[j]) == 0) {
|
|
|
|
|
ret = Math.max(ret, words[i].length() * words[j].length());
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
return ret;
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-05-14 22:56:30 +08:00
|
|
|
|
# 13. 统计从 0 \~ n 每个数的二进制表示中 1 的个数
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-10-27 00:52:52 +08:00
|
|
|
|
338\. Counting Bits (Medium)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Leetcode](https://leetcode.com/problems/counting-bits/description/) / [力扣](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/counting-bits/description/)
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
对于数字 6(110),它可以看成是 4(100) 再加一个 2(10),因此 dp[i] = dp[i&(i-1)] + 1;
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```java
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
public int[] countBits(int num) {
|
|
|
|
|
int[] ret = new int[num + 1];
|
|
|
|
|
for(int i = 1; i <= num; i++){
|
|
|
|
|
ret[i] = ret[i&(i-1)] + 1;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
return ret;
|
2019-03-08 20:31:07 +08:00
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-11-02 14:39:13 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-11-02 17:33:10 +08:00
|
|
|
|
<div align="center"><img width="320px" src="https://cs-notes-1256109796.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/githubio/公众号二维码-2.png"></img></div>
|