267 lines
6.5 KiB
Java
267 lines
6.5 KiB
Java
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<h2>Comments</h2>
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<pre><code>// Single line comment
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/* Multi-line
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comment */
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/+ Mutli-line
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/+ nestable +/
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comment +/</code></pre>
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<h2>Numbers</h2>
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<pre><code>0 .. 2_147_483_647
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2_147_483_648 .. 9_223_372_036_854_775_807
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0L .. 9_223_372_036_854_775_807L
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0U .. 4_294_967_296U
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4_294_967_296U .. 18_446_744_073_709_551_615U
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0UL .. 18_446_744_073_709_551_615UL
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0x0 .. 0x7FFF_FFFF
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0x8000_0000 .. 0xFFFF_FFFF
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0x1_0000_0000 .. 0x7FFF_FFFF_FFFF_FFFF
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0x8000_0000_0000_0000 .. 0xFFFF_FFFF_FFFF_FFFF
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0x0L .. 0x7FFF_FFFF_FFFF_FFFFL
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0x8000_0000_0000_0000L .. 0xFFFF_FFFF_FFFF_FFFFL
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0x0U .. 0xFFFF_FFFFU
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0x1_0000_0000U .. 0xFFFF_FFFF_FFFF_FFFFU
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0x0UL .. 0xFFFF_FFFF_FFFF_FFFFUL
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123_456.567_8 // 123456.5678
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1_2_3_4_5_6_.5_6_7_8 // 123456.5678
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1_2_3_4_5_6_.5e-6_ // 123456.5e-6
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0x1.FFFFFFFFFFFFFp1023 // double.max
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0x1p-52 // double.epsilon
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1.175494351e-38F // float.min
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6.3i // idouble 6.3
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6.3fi // ifloat 6.3
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6.3Li // ireal 6.3
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4.5 + 6.2i // complex number (phased out)</code></pre>
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<h2>Strings</h2>
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<pre><code>// WYSIWYG strings
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r"hello"
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r"c:\root\foo.exe"
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r"ab\n"
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`hello`
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`c:\root\foo.exe`
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`ab\n`
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// Double-quoted strings
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"hello"
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"c:\\root\\foo.exe"
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"ab\n"
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"ab
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"
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// Hex strings
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x"0A"
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x"00 FBCD 32FD 0A"
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// String postfix characters
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"hello"c // string
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"hello"w // wstring
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"hello"d // dstring
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// Delimited strings
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q"(foo(xxx))"
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q"[foo{]"
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q"EOS
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This
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is a multi-line
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heredoc string
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EOS"
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q"/foo]/"
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// Token strings
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q{foo}
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q{/*}*/ }
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q{ foo(q{hello}); }
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q{ __TIME__ }
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// Character literals
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'a'
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'\u000A'</code></pre>
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<h2>Iasm registers</h2>
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<pre><code>AL AH AX EAX
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BL BH BX EBX
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CL CH CX ECX
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DL DH DX EDX
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BP EBP
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SP ESP
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DI EDI
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SI ESI
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ES CS SS DS GS FS
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CR0 CR2 CR3 CR4
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DR0 DR1 DR2 DR3 DR6 DR7
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TR3 TR4 TR5 TR6 TR7
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ST
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ST(0) ST(1) ST(2) ST(3) ST(4) ST(5) ST(6) ST(7)
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MM0 MM1 MM2 MM3 MM4 MM5 MM6 MM7
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XMM0 XMM1 XMM2 XMM3 XMM4 XMM5 XMM6 XMM7
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RAX RBX RCX RDX
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BPL RBP
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SPL RSP
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DIL RDI
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SIL RSI
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R8B R8W R8D R8
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R9B R9W R9D R9
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R10B R10W R10D R10
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R11B R11W R11D R11
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R12B R12W R12D R12
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R13B R13W R13D R13
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R14B R14W R14D R14
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R15B R15W R15D R15
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XMM8 XMM9 XMM10 XMM11 XMM12 XMM13 XMM14 XMM15
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YMM0 YMM1 YMM2 YMM3 YMM4 YMM5 YMM6 YMM7
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YMM8 YMM9 YMM10 YMM11 YMM12 YMM13 YMM14 YMM15</code></pre>
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<h2>Full example</h2>
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<pre><code>#!/usr/bin/dmd -run
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/* sh style script syntax is supported! */
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/* Hello World in D
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To compile:
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dmd hello.d
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or to optimize:
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dmd -O -inline -release hello.d
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or to get generated documentation:
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dmd hello.d -D
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*/
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import std.stdio; // References to commonly used I/O routines.
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void main(char[][] args) // 'void' here means return 0 by default.
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{
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// Write-Formatted-Line
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writefln("Hello World, " // automatic concatenation of string literals
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"Reloaded");
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// Strings are denoted as a dynamic array of chars 'char[]'
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// auto type inference and built-in foreach
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foreach(argc, argv; args)
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{
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// OOP is supported, of course! And automatic type inference.
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auto cl = new CmdLin(argc, argv);
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// 'writefln' is the improved 'printf' !!
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// user-defined class properties.
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writefln(cl.argnum, cl.suffix, " arg: %s", cl.argv);
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// Garbage Collection or explicit memory management - your choice!!!
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delete cl;
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}
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// Nested structs, classes and functions!
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struct specs
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{
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// all vars. automatically initialized
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int count, allocated;
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}
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// Note that declarations read right-to-left.
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// So that 'char[][]' reads as an array of an array of chars.
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specs argspecs(char[][] args)
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// Optional (built-in) function contracts.
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in{
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assert (args.length > 0); // assert built in
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}
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out(result){
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assert(result.count == CmdLin.total);
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assert(result.allocated > 0);
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}
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body{
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specs* s = new specs;
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// no need for '->'
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s.count = args.length; // The 'length' property is number of elements.
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s.allocated = typeof(args).sizeof; // built-in properties for native types
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foreach(argv; args)
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s.allocated += argv.length * typeof(argv[0]).sizeof;
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return *s;
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}
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// built-in string and common string operations, e.g. '~' is concatenate.
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char[] argcmsg = "argc = %d";
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char[] allocmsg = "allocated = %d";
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writefln(argcmsg ~ ", " ~ allocmsg,
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argspecs(args).count,argspecs(args).allocated);
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}
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/**
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Stores a single command line argument.
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*/
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class CmdLin
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{
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private {
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int _argc;
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char[] _argv;
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static uint _totalc;
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}
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public:
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/************
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Object constructor.
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params:
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argc = ordinal count of this argument.
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argv = text of the parameter
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*********/
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this(int argc, char[] argv)
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{
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_argc = argc + 1;
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_argv = argv;
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_totalc++;
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}
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~this() /// Object destructor
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{
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// Doesn't actually do anything for this example.
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}
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int argnum() /// A property that returns arg number
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{
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return _argc;
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}
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char[] argv() /// A property that returns arg text
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{
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return _argv;
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}
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wchar[] suffix() /// A property that returns ordinal suffix
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{
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wchar[] suffix; // Built in Unicode strings (utf8,utf16, utf32)
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switch(_argc)
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{
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case 1:
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suffix = "st";
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break;
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case 2:
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suffix = "nd";
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break;
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case 3:
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suffix = "rd";
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break;
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default: // 'default' is mandatory with "-w" compile switch.
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suffix = "th";
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}
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return suffix;
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}
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/* **************
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* A property of the whole class, not just an instance.
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* returns: The total number of commandline args added.
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*************/
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static typeof(_totalc) total()
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{
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return _totalc;
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}
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// Class invariant, things that must be true after any method is run.
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invariant
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{
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assert(_argc > 0);
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assert(_totalc >= _argc);
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}
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}</code></pre>
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<h2>Known failures</h2>
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<p>There are certain edge cases where Prism will fail.
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There are always such cases in every regex-based syntax highlighter.
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However, Prism dares to be open and honest about them.
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If a failure is listed here, it doesn’t mean it will never be fixed. This is more of a “known bugs” list, just with a certain type of bug.
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</p>
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<h3>Comments only support one level of nesting</h3>
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<pre><code>/+ /+ /+ this does not work +/ +/ +/</code></pre>
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<h3>Token strings only support one level of nesting</h3>
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<pre><code>q{ q{ q{ this does not work } } }</code></pre>
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