2019-11-02 12:07:41 +08:00
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# 13. 机器人的运动范围
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[NowCoder](https://www.nowcoder.com/practice/6e5207314b5241fb83f2329e89fdecc8?tpId=13&tqId=11219&tPage=1&rp=1&ru=/ta/coding-interviews&qru=/ta/coding-interviews/question-ranking&from=cyc_github)
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## 题目描述
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地上有一个 m 行和 n 列的方格。一个机器人从坐标 (0, 0) 的格子开始移动,每一次只能向左右上下四个方向移动一格,但是不能进入行坐标和列坐标的数位之和大于 k 的格子。
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例如,当 k 为 18 时,机器人能够进入方格 (35,37),因为 3+5+3+7=18。但是,它不能进入方格 (35,38),因为 3+5+3+8=19。请问该机器人能够达到多少个格子?
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## 解题思路
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使用深度优先搜索(Depth First Search,DFS)方法进行求解。回溯是深度优先搜索的一种特例,它在一次搜索过程中需要设置一些本次搜索过程的局部状态,并在本次搜索结束之后清除状态。而普通的深度优先搜索并不需要使用这些局部状态,虽然还是有可能设置一些全局状态。
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```java
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private static final int[][] next = {{0, -1}, {0, 1}, {-1, 0}, {1, 0}};
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private int cnt = 0;
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private int rows;
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private int cols;
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private int threshold;
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private int[][] digitSum;
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public int movingCount(int threshold, int rows, int cols) {
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this.rows = rows;
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this.cols = cols;
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this.threshold = threshold;
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initDigitSum();
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boolean[][] marked = new boolean[rows][cols];
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dfs(marked, 0, 0);
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return cnt;
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}
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private void dfs(boolean[][] marked, int r, int c) {
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if (r < 0 || r >= rows || c < 0 || c >= cols || marked[r][c])
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return;
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marked[r][c] = true;
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if (this.digitSum[r][c] > this.threshold)
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return;
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cnt++;
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for (int[] n : next)
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dfs(marked, r + n[0], c + n[1]);
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}
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private void initDigitSum() {
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int[] digitSumOne = new int[Math.max(rows, cols)];
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for (int i = 0; i < digitSumOne.length; i++) {
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int n = i;
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while (n > 0) {
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digitSumOne[i] += n % 10;
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n /= 10;
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}
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}
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this.digitSum = new int[rows][cols];
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for (int i = 0; i < this.rows; i++)
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for (int j = 0; j < this.cols; j++)
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this.digitSum[i][j] = digitSumOne[i] + digitSumOne[j];
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}
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```
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2019-11-02 17:33:10 +08:00
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<div align="center"><img width="320px" src="https://cs-notes-1256109796.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/githubio/公众号二维码-2.png"></img></div>
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