2019-04-21 10:36:08 +08:00
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|
<!-- GFM-TOC -->
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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* [30. 包含 min 函数的栈](#30-包含-min-函数的栈)
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* [31. 栈的压入、弹出序列](#31-栈的压入弹出序列)
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* [32.1 从上往下打印二叉树](#321-从上往下打印二叉树)
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* [32.2 把二叉树打印成多行](#322-把二叉树打印成多行)
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* [32.3 按之字形顺序打印二叉树](#323-按之字形顺序打印二叉树)
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* [33. 二叉搜索树的后序遍历序列](#33-二叉搜索树的后序遍历序列)
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* [34. 二叉树中和为某一值的路径](#34-二叉树中和为某一值的路径)
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* [35. 复杂链表的复制](#35-复杂链表的复制)
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* [36. 二叉搜索树与双向链表](#36-二叉搜索树与双向链表)
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* [37. 序列化二叉树](#37-序列化二叉树)
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* [38. 字符串的排列](#38-字符串的排列)
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* [39. 数组中出现次数超过一半的数字](#39-数组中出现次数超过一半的数字)
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2019-04-21 10:36:08 +08:00
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<!-- GFM-TOC -->
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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# 30. 包含 min 函数的栈
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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|
2019-10-17 02:15:15 +08:00
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[NowCoder](https://www.nowcoder.com/practice/4c776177d2c04c2494f2555c9fcc1e49?tpId=13&tqId=11173&tPage=1&rp=1&ru=/ta/coding-interviews&qru=/ta/coding-interviews/question-ranking&from=cyc_github)
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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## 题目描述
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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定义栈的数据结构,请在该类型中实现一个能够得到栈最小元素的 min 函数。
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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## 解题思路
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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```java
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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private Stack<Integer> dataStack = new Stack<>();
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private Stack<Integer> minStack = new Stack<>();
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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public void push(int node) {
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dataStack.push(node);
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minStack.push(minStack.isEmpty() ? node : Math.min(minStack.peek(), node));
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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}
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|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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public void pop() {
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dataStack.pop();
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minStack.pop();
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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}
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|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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public int top() {
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return dataStack.peek();
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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}
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|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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public int min() {
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return minStack.peek();
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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}
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```
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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# 31. 栈的压入、弹出序列
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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|
2019-10-17 02:15:15 +08:00
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|
|
|
[NowCoder](https://www.nowcoder.com/practice/d77d11405cc7470d82554cb392585106?tpId=13&tqId=11174&tPage=1&rp=1&ru=/ta/coding-interviews&qru=/ta/coding-interviews/question-ranking&from=cyc_github)
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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|
|
## 题目描述
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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|
输入两个整数序列,第一个序列表示栈的压入顺序,请判断第二个序列是否为该栈的弹出顺序。假设压入栈的所有数字均不相等。
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|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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例如序列 1,2,3,4,5 是某栈的压入顺序,序列 4,5,3,2,1 是该压栈序列对应的一个弹出序列,但 4,3,5,1,2 就不可能是该压栈序列的弹出序列。
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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## 解题思路
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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使用一个栈来模拟压入弹出操作。
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|
```java
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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public boolean IsPopOrder(int[] pushSequence, int[] popSequence) {
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int n = pushSequence.length;
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Stack<Integer> stack = new Stack<>();
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|
for (int pushIndex = 0, popIndex = 0; pushIndex < n; pushIndex++) {
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stack.push(pushSequence[pushIndex]);
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|
while (popIndex < n && !stack.isEmpty()
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&& stack.peek() == popSequence[popIndex]) {
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stack.pop();
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popIndex++;
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}
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}
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|
return stack.isEmpty();
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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|
}
|
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|
```
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|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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# 32.1 从上往下打印二叉树
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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|
2019-10-17 02:15:15 +08:00
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|
[NowCoder](https://www.nowcoder.com/practice/7fe2212963db4790b57431d9ed259701?tpId=13&tqId=11175&tPage=1&rp=1&ru=/ta/coding-interviews&qru=/ta/coding-interviews/question-ranking&from=cyc_github)
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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## 题目描述
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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从上往下打印出二叉树的每个节点,同层节点从左至右打印。
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例如,以下二叉树层次遍历的结果为:1,2,3,4,5,6,7
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|
2019-04-25 18:43:33 +08:00
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<div align="center"> <img src="https://cs-notes-1256109796.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/d5e838cf-d8a2-49af-90df-1b2a714ee676.jpg" width="250"/> </div><br>
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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## 解题思路
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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使用队列来进行层次遍历。
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|
不需要使用两个队列分别存储当前层的节点和下一层的节点,因为在开始遍历一层的节点时,当前队列中的节点数就是当前层的节点数,只要控制遍历这么多节点数,就能保证这次遍历的都是当前层的节点。
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```java
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
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|
|
public ArrayList<Integer> PrintFromTopToBottom(TreeNode root) {
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|
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|
|
Queue<TreeNode> queue = new LinkedList<>();
|
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|
|
ArrayList<Integer> ret = new ArrayList<>();
|
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|
queue.add(root);
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|
while (!queue.isEmpty()) {
|
|
|
|
|
int cnt = queue.size();
|
|
|
|
|
while (cnt-- > 0) {
|
|
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|
|
TreeNode t = queue.poll();
|
|
|
|
|
if (t == null)
|
|
|
|
|
continue;
|
|
|
|
|
ret.add(t.val);
|
|
|
|
|
queue.add(t.left);
|
|
|
|
|
queue.add(t.right);
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
return ret;
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
# 32.2 把二叉树打印成多行
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-10-17 02:15:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
[NowCoder](https://www.nowcoder.com/practice/445c44d982d04483b04a54f298796288?tpId=13&tqId=11213&tPage=1&rp=1&ru=/ta/coding-interviews&qru=/ta/coding-interviews/question-ranking&from=cyc_github)
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
## 题目描述
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
和上题几乎一样。
|
|
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|
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|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
## 解题思路
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```java
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>> Print(TreeNode pRoot) {
|
|
|
|
|
ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>> ret = new ArrayList<>();
|
|
|
|
|
Queue<TreeNode> queue = new LinkedList<>();
|
|
|
|
|
queue.add(pRoot);
|
|
|
|
|
while (!queue.isEmpty()) {
|
|
|
|
|
ArrayList<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>();
|
|
|
|
|
int cnt = queue.size();
|
|
|
|
|
while (cnt-- > 0) {
|
|
|
|
|
TreeNode node = queue.poll();
|
|
|
|
|
if (node == null)
|
|
|
|
|
continue;
|
|
|
|
|
list.add(node.val);
|
|
|
|
|
queue.add(node.left);
|
|
|
|
|
queue.add(node.right);
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
if (list.size() != 0)
|
|
|
|
|
ret.add(list);
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
return ret;
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
# 32.3 按之字形顺序打印二叉树
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-10-17 02:15:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
[NowCoder](https://www.nowcoder.com/practice/91b69814117f4e8097390d107d2efbe0?tpId=13&tqId=11212&tPage=1&rp=1&ru=/ta/coding-interviews&qru=/ta/coding-interviews/question-ranking&from=cyc_github)
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
## 题目描述
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
请实现一个函数按照之字形打印二叉树,即第一行按照从左到右的顺序打印,第二层按照从右至左的顺序打印,第三行按照从左到右的顺序打印,其他行以此类推。
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
## 解题思路
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```java
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
public ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>> Print(TreeNode pRoot) {
|
|
|
|
|
ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>> ret = new ArrayList<>();
|
|
|
|
|
Queue<TreeNode> queue = new LinkedList<>();
|
|
|
|
|
queue.add(pRoot);
|
|
|
|
|
boolean reverse = false;
|
|
|
|
|
while (!queue.isEmpty()) {
|
|
|
|
|
ArrayList<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>();
|
|
|
|
|
int cnt = queue.size();
|
|
|
|
|
while (cnt-- > 0) {
|
|
|
|
|
TreeNode node = queue.poll();
|
|
|
|
|
if (node == null)
|
|
|
|
|
continue;
|
|
|
|
|
list.add(node.val);
|
|
|
|
|
queue.add(node.left);
|
|
|
|
|
queue.add(node.right);
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
if (reverse)
|
|
|
|
|
Collections.reverse(list);
|
|
|
|
|
reverse = !reverse;
|
|
|
|
|
if (list.size() != 0)
|
|
|
|
|
ret.add(list);
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
return ret;
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
# 33. 二叉搜索树的后序遍历序列
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-10-17 02:15:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
[NowCoder](https://www.nowcoder.com/practice/a861533d45854474ac791d90e447bafd?tpId=13&tqId=11176&tPage=1&rp=1&ru=/ta/coding-interviews&qru=/ta/coding-interviews/question-ranking&from=cyc_github)
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
## 题目描述
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
输入一个整数数组,判断该数组是不是某二叉搜索树的后序遍历的结果。假设输入的数组的任意两个数字都互不相同。
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
例如,下图是后序遍历序列 1,3,2 所对应的二叉搜索树。
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-04-25 18:43:33 +08:00
|
|
|
|
<div align="center"> <img src="https://cs-notes-1256109796.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/13454fa1-23a8-4578-9663-2b13a6af564a.jpg" width="150"/> </div><br>
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
## 解题思路
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```java
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
public boolean VerifySquenceOfBST(int[] sequence) {
|
|
|
|
|
if (sequence == null || sequence.length == 0)
|
|
|
|
|
return false;
|
|
|
|
|
return verify(sequence, 0, sequence.length - 1);
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
private boolean verify(int[] sequence, int first, int last) {
|
|
|
|
|
if (last - first <= 1)
|
|
|
|
|
return true;
|
|
|
|
|
int rootVal = sequence[last];
|
|
|
|
|
int cutIndex = first;
|
|
|
|
|
while (cutIndex < last && sequence[cutIndex] <= rootVal)
|
|
|
|
|
cutIndex++;
|
|
|
|
|
for (int i = cutIndex; i < last; i++)
|
|
|
|
|
if (sequence[i] < rootVal)
|
|
|
|
|
return false;
|
|
|
|
|
return verify(sequence, first, cutIndex - 1) && verify(sequence, cutIndex, last - 1);
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
# 34. 二叉树中和为某一值的路径
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-10-17 02:15:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
[NowCoder](https://www.nowcoder.com/practice/b736e784e3e34731af99065031301bca?tpId=13&tqId=11177&tPage=1&rp=1&ru=/ta/coding-interviews&qru=/ta/coding-interviews/question-ranking&from=cyc_github)
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
|
|
|
|
## 题目描述
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
输入一颗二叉树和一个整数,打印出二叉树中结点值的和为输入整数的所有路径。路径定义为从树的根结点开始往下一直到叶结点所经过的结点形成一条路径。
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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下图的二叉树有两条和为 22 的路径:10, 5, 7 和 10, 12
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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2019-04-25 18:43:33 +08:00
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<div align="center"> <img src="https://cs-notes-1256109796.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/ed77b0e6-38d9-4a34-844f-724f3ffa2c12.jpg" width="200"/> </div><br>
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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## 解题思路
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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```java
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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private ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>> ret = new ArrayList<>();
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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public ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>> FindPath(TreeNode root, int target) {
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backtracking(root, target, new ArrayList<>());
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return ret;
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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}
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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private void backtracking(TreeNode node, int target, ArrayList<Integer> path) {
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if (node == null)
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return;
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path.add(node.val);
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target -= node.val;
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if (target == 0 && node.left == null && node.right == null) {
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ret.add(new ArrayList<>(path));
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} else {
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backtracking(node.left, target, path);
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backtracking(node.right, target, path);
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}
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path.remove(path.size() - 1);
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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}
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```
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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# 35. 复杂链表的复制
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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2019-10-17 02:15:15 +08:00
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[NowCoder](https://www.nowcoder.com/practice/f836b2c43afc4b35ad6adc41ec941dba?tpId=13&tqId=11178&tPage=1&rp=1&ru=/ta/coding-interviews&qru=/ta/coding-interviews/question-ranking&from=cyc_github)
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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## 题目描述
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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输入一个复杂链表(每个节点中有节点值,以及两个指针,一个指向下一个节点,另一个特殊指针指向任意一个节点),返回结果为复制后复杂链表的 head。
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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```java
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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public class RandomListNode {
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int label;
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RandomListNode next = null;
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RandomListNode random = null;
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RandomListNode(int label) {
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this.label = label;
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}
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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}
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```
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2019-04-25 18:43:33 +08:00
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<div align="center"> <img src="https://cs-notes-1256109796.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/66a01953-5303-43b1-8646-0c77b825e980.png" width="300"/> </div><br>
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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## 解题思路
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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第一步,在每个节点的后面插入复制的节点。
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2019-04-25 18:43:33 +08:00
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<div align="center"> <img src="https://cs-notes-1256109796.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/dfd5d3f8-673c-486b-8ecf-d2082107b67b.png" width="600"/> </div><br>
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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第二步,对复制节点的 random 链接进行赋值。
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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2019-04-25 18:43:33 +08:00
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<div align="center"> <img src="https://cs-notes-1256109796.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/cafbfeb8-7dfe-4c0a-a3c9-750eeb824068.png" width="600"/> </div><br>
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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第三步,拆分。
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2019-04-25 18:43:33 +08:00
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<div align="center"> <img src="https://cs-notes-1256109796.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/e151b5df-5390-4365-b66e-b130cd253c12.png" width="600"/> </div><br>
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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```java
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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public RandomListNode Clone(RandomListNode pHead) {
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if (pHead == null)
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return null;
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// 插入新节点
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RandomListNode cur = pHead;
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while (cur != null) {
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RandomListNode clone = new RandomListNode(cur.label);
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clone.next = cur.next;
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cur.next = clone;
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cur = clone.next;
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}
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// 建立 random 链接
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cur = pHead;
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while (cur != null) {
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RandomListNode clone = cur.next;
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if (cur.random != null)
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clone.random = cur.random.next;
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cur = clone.next;
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}
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// 拆分
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cur = pHead;
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RandomListNode pCloneHead = pHead.next;
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while (cur.next != null) {
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RandomListNode next = cur.next;
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cur.next = next.next;
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cur = next;
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}
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return pCloneHead;
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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}
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```
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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# 36. 二叉搜索树与双向链表
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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2019-10-17 02:15:15 +08:00
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[NowCoder](https://www.nowcoder.com/practice/947f6eb80d944a84850b0538bf0ec3a5?tpId=13&tqId=11179&tPage=1&rp=1&ru=/ta/coding-interviews&qru=/ta/coding-interviews/question-ranking&from=cyc_github)
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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## 题目描述
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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输入一棵二叉搜索树,将该二叉搜索树转换成一个排序的双向链表。要求不能创建任何新的结点,只能调整树中结点指针的指向。
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2019-04-25 18:43:33 +08:00
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<div align="center"> <img src="https://cs-notes-1256109796.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/05a08f2e-9914-4a77-92ef-aebeaecf4f66.jpg" width="400"/> </div><br>
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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## 解题思路
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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```java
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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private TreeNode pre = null;
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private TreeNode head = null;
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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public TreeNode Convert(TreeNode root) {
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inOrder(root);
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return head;
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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}
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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private void inOrder(TreeNode node) {
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if (node == null)
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return;
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inOrder(node.left);
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node.left = pre;
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if (pre != null)
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pre.right = node;
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pre = node;
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if (head == null)
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head = node;
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inOrder(node.right);
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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}
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```
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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# 37. 序列化二叉树
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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2019-10-17 02:15:15 +08:00
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[NowCoder](https://www.nowcoder.com/practice/cf7e25aa97c04cc1a68c8f040e71fb84?tpId=13&tqId=11214&tPage=1&rp=1&ru=/ta/coding-interviews&qru=/ta/coding-interviews/question-ranking&from=cyc_github)
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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## 题目描述
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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请实现两个函数,分别用来序列化和反序列化二叉树。
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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## 解题思路
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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```java
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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private String deserializeStr;
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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public String Serialize(TreeNode root) {
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if (root == null)
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return "#";
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return root.val + " " + Serialize(root.left) + " " + Serialize(root.right);
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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}
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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public TreeNode Deserialize(String str) {
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deserializeStr = str;
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return Deserialize();
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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}
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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private TreeNode Deserialize() {
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if (deserializeStr.length() == 0)
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return null;
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int index = deserializeStr.indexOf(" ");
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String node = index == -1 ? deserializeStr : deserializeStr.substring(0, index);
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deserializeStr = index == -1 ? "" : deserializeStr.substring(index + 1);
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if (node.equals("#"))
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return null;
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int val = Integer.valueOf(node);
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TreeNode t = new TreeNode(val);
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t.left = Deserialize();
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t.right = Deserialize();
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return t;
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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}
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```
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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# 38. 字符串的排列
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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2019-10-17 02:15:15 +08:00
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[NowCoder](https://www.nowcoder.com/practice/fe6b651b66ae47d7acce78ffdd9a96c7?tpId=13&tqId=11180&tPage=1&rp=1&ru=/ta/coding-interviews&qru=/ta/coding-interviews/question-ranking&from=cyc_github)
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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## 题目描述
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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输入一个字符串,按字典序打印出该字符串中字符的所有排列。例如输入字符串 abc,则打印出由字符 a, b, c 所能排列出来的所有字符串 abc, acb, bac, bca, cab 和 cba。
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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## 解题思路
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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```java
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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private ArrayList<String> ret = new ArrayList<>();
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public ArrayList<String> Permutation(String str) {
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if (str.length() == 0)
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return ret;
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char[] chars = str.toCharArray();
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Arrays.sort(chars);
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backtracking(chars, new boolean[chars.length], new StringBuilder());
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return ret;
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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}
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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private void backtracking(char[] chars, boolean[] hasUsed, StringBuilder s) {
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if (s.length() == chars.length) {
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ret.add(s.toString());
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return;
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}
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for (int i = 0; i < chars.length; i++) {
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if (hasUsed[i])
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continue;
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if (i != 0 && chars[i] == chars[i - 1] && !hasUsed[i - 1]) /* 保证不重复 */
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continue;
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hasUsed[i] = true;
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s.append(chars[i]);
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backtracking(chars, hasUsed, s);
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s.deleteCharAt(s.length() - 1);
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hasUsed[i] = false;
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}
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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}
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```
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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# 39. 数组中出现次数超过一半的数字
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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2019-10-17 02:15:15 +08:00
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[NowCoder](https://www.nowcoder.com/practice/e8a1b01a2df14cb2b228b30ee6a92163?tpId=13&tqId=11181&tPage=1&rp=1&ru=/ta/coding-interviews&qru=/ta/coding-interviews/question-ranking&from=cyc_github)
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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## 解题思路
|
2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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多数投票问题,可以利用 Boyer-Moore Majority Vote Algorithm 来解决这个问题,使得时间复杂度为 O(N)。
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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使用 cnt 来统计一个元素出现的次数,当遍历到的元素和统计元素相等时,令 cnt++,否则令 cnt--。如果前面查找了 i 个元素,且 cnt == 0,说明前 i 个元素没有 majority,或者有 majority,但是出现的次数少于 i / 2 ,因为如果多于 i / 2 的话 cnt 就一定不会为 0 。此时剩下的 n - i 个元素中,majority 的数目依然多于 (n - i) / 2,因此继续查找就能找出 majority。
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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```java
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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public int MoreThanHalfNum_Solution(int[] nums) {
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int majority = nums[0];
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for (int i = 1, cnt = 1; i < nums.length; i++) {
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cnt = nums[i] == majority ? cnt + 1 : cnt - 1;
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if (cnt == 0) {
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majority = nums[i];
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cnt = 1;
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}
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}
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int cnt = 0;
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for (int val : nums)
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if (val == majority)
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cnt++;
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return cnt > nums.length / 2 ? majority : 0;
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2019-03-08 21:29:22 +08:00
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}
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```
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2019-03-27 20:57:37 +08:00
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2019-10-28 00:25:00 +08:00
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2019-10-29 09:21:49 +08:00
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<div align="center"><img width="320px" src="https://cs-notes-1256109796.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/githubio/公众号二维码-1.png"></img></div>
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